Solutions for Class 7 Science

NCERT Grade 7 Science, Chapter 1, Nutrition in Plants gives an insight into concepts associated with modes of nutrition in plants in an extensive manner. The chapter lays emphasis on concepts such as autotrophic nutrition and heterotrophic nutrition and the process of photosynthesis in a detailed way. Other modes of nutrition in plants like heterotrophic mode of nutrition, saprophytic mode of nutrition and mode of nutrition based on the symbiotic relationship are also covered. At last, focus on the replenishment of nutrients in the soil is explained along with its significance. The chapter, Nutrition in plants is summarized at the end and the assessment of understanding of the concepts is done by providing a set of exercises consisting of 12 questions.

NCERT Grade 7 Science, Chapter 1, Nutrition in Animals presents a piece of detailed information on the process of nutrition in animals. The different ways in which animals consume their food is explained along with activities and examples. An extensive discussion on digestion in humans is covered with numerous labelled diagrams in the chapter, Nutrition in Animals. Each part of the alimentary canal is discussed thoroughly. Additional information on parts like teeth and tongue is also provided. Process of digestion in ruminants and amoeba are discussed separately. Summarization of all the important points of the chapter, Nutrition in Animals is cited at the end of the chapter followed by exercises.

NCERT Grade 7 Science, Chapter 3, Fibre to Fabric goes a little deeper into the concepts taught in grade 6, chapter 3 Fibre to Fabric and lays emphasis mainly on animal fibres like silk and wool. Different varieties of wool and silk along with the places they are found in are mentioned. A detailed study of both the fibres is separately covered in stages from fibre to wool and finally into a fabric. An overview of the life history of a silkmoth is also discussed with the help of labelled diagrams followed by its journey from a caterpillar to a cocoon. The entire chapter is enriched with examples, activities and diagrams. At the end of the chapter, Fibre to Fabric, a summary of all important points is provided followed by a set of 9 different questions.

NCERT Grade 7 Science, Chapter 3, Heat deals with the basic concepts that a student would require to gain knowledge about heat and its associated principles. Classification of objects into hot and cold objects using activity is presented in tabular form. The basic definition of temperature, thermometer and range of temperature finds mention in the chapter, Heat. Types of thermometer and additional information related to them are provided in detail along with their labelled diagrams. The concept of transfer of heat between different kinds of objects is explained with examples. Land breeze and sea breeze are described again with the help of figures so as to make it's understanding easier. At last, a short description of kinds of clothes is also covered. The important points are summarised by the end of the chapter, Heat followed by a set of exercise consisting of eleven different questions.

Science NCERT Grade 7, Chapter 5, Acids, Bases and Salts covers the basic concepts associated with acids and bases. Each concept is explained with the help of substances used in everyday life so as to make it more understandable. Explanation of the term indicator along with different examples of natural indicators is included in the chapter, Acids, Bases and Salts. Acidity and basicity of the substances are tested using such indicators through various activities. Moreover, information about the process of neutralization is given along with the equations. Applications in daily life are also discussed in the chapter, Acids, Bases and Salts. The entire chapter is summarized at the end with a focus on important points. A set of exercise follows the summary so as to test the understanding of the chapter.

NCERT Grade 7 Science, Chapter 6, Physical and Chemical Changes gives an insight into different kinds of changes taking place around us every day. These substances are explained under two categories - physical change and chemical change in addition to various examples related to such changes. The properties of physical change and chemical changes are also mentioned along with their explanation using activities. The chemical reaction is explained using chemical equations. The concept of rusting of iron and crystallization are separately discussed. The chapter ends with a summary. Conceptual knowledge of Physical and Chemical Changes is tested with the help of exercises consisting of 12 questions.

Science NCERT Grade 7, Chapter 7, Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate lays emphasis on the concept of weather and climate in a detailed manner. Every concept is explained with the help of examples, activities and diagrams. Weather and climate are discussed as separate topics. The adaptive features of the animals found in the polar regions and the tropical rainforests are discussed thoroughly. Particular examples of animals like the polar bear, lion-tailed macaque and the diagrams associated with them further enrich the chapter. Additional information on weather reports and migratory birds is also provided. A summary of the chapter followed by exercises containing 12 different questions is present at the end of the chapter Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate.

NCERT Grade 7 Science, Chapter 8, Winds, Storms and Cyclones deals with the basic concepts that a student would require to gain knowledge about air and its related properties along with phenomena associated with air. The confirmation of properties of air is shown with the help of activities. The association of air with pressure, speed and temperature are wisely explained. Effects of wind currents generated due to uneven heating on the earth are discussed in detail in the chapter, Winds, Storms and Cyclones. A detailed explanation of thunderstorms and cyclones is also provided in the chapter. Repercussions of cyclone and safety measures are mentioned along with a short note on the use of advanced technology under such disastrous situations. The chapter, Winds, Storms and Cyclones are summarized at the end and the assessment of understanding of the concepts is done by providing a set of exercises consisting of 9 questions.

NCERT Grade 7 Science, Chapter 9, Soil is all about the soil - its importance and other important fundamentals related to it. A detailed discussion is present on the concepts such as layers of soil, soil profile and soil types. In addition to this, the chapter focuses on the properties of soil and the concept of soil erosion. Activities, examples and diagrams are used wisely wherever required to make the understanding of the concepts easier. The chapter, Soil is summarized at the end and the assessment of understanding of the concepts of Soil is done by providing a set of exercises consisting of 10 questions such as MCQs, match the columns, crossword puzzle and descriptive questions.

NCERT Grade 7 Science, Chapter 10, Respiration in Organisms lays emphasis on one of the vital biological processes called respiration. A detailed explanation of the reasons behind respiration, cellular respiration and anaerobic respiration is provided using activities and examples. Terms such as breathing and breathing rate are also defined. A detailed mechanism of breathing in humans is covered through labelled diagrams in the chapter, Respiration in Organisms. Concepts, like breathing in animals and breathing underwater, are separately illustrated. A short recap of important points is present at the end of the chapter, Respiration in Organisms in the form of the summary. The evaluation of the concepts is done through a set of 9 different questions which follows the summary.

Science NCERT Grade 7, Chapter 11, Transportation in Animals and Plants deals with the basic concepts that a student would require to gain knowledge about the process of transportation in animals and plants and its associated principles. The two important systems of the human body i.e. the circulatory system and the excretory system is explained in detail with ample activities, examples and diagrams. The entire process of circulation and excretion is covered in detail along with associated labelled diagrams. Focus is also given on the process of transportation in plants mainly of water and minerals. Transpiration is dealt towards the end. Summarization of all the important points of the chapter, Transportation in Animals and Plants is cited at the end of the chapter followed by exercises consisting of 13 questions.

NCERT Grade 7 Science, Chapter 12, Reproduction in Plants lays emphasis on the concepts of reproduction in plants. The following two modes of reproduction in plants are explained in detail.

• Asexual reproduction
• Sexual reproduction

Both the processes are discussed using associated diagrams, activities and examples so as to make it more readable. Terms like pollination, fertilization, fruit and seed formation and seed dispersal also find mention in the chapter, Reproduction in Plants. A summary of the chapter followed by exercises containing 10 different questions is present at the end of the chapter, Reproduction in Plants.

Science NCERT Grade 7, Chapter 13, Motion and Time lays emphasis on the concept of motion and time in an extensive manner. Different types of motions which are comprehensively covered in this chapter include :

• Uniform motion
• Non-uniform motion
• Periodic motion
• Oscillatory motion

The terms like time period, speedometer etc. also find mention in the chapter, Motion and Time. The plotting of the distance-time graph of an object is explained in great detail along with examples and activities. A summary of the chapter followed by exercises containing 13 different questions in the form of MCQs and descriptive questions is present at the end of the chapter, Motion and Time.

NCERT Grade 7 Science, Chapter 14, Electric Current and its Effects are covered under five different sections dealing with the concepts such as symbols of electric components, the heating effect of electric current and magnetic effect of electric current. Apart from this, the chapter, Electric Current and its Effects lays emphasis on the concept of electromagnet and working of the electric bell.

Every section includes activities and diagrams which makes the understanding of the concept more readable. Extra information on the electric bulb, key/switch, electric bell is also provided in the chapter, Electric Current and its Effects. Summarisation of all the important points of the chapter is cited at the end of the chapter followed by exercises consisting of true or false, fill in the blanks and descriptive questions.

NCERT Grade 7 Science, Chapter 15, Light deals with the fundamentals of light and related concepts. Initially, focus is given on the properties of light, reflection of light and the images formed by a plane mirror. Thereafter, spherical mirrors are covered along with the concept of real and virtual images. Later, the images formed by lenses are explained using diagrams and lastly, it gives the answer to the question- whether sun is white or coloured. Each section of the chapter, Light is enriched with activities, examples and figures making it more engaging. A summary of the chapter followed by exercises containing 13 different questions is present at the end of the chapter, Light.

NCERT Grade 7 Science, Chapter 16, Water: A Precious Resource deals with one of the most vital components - water. The chapter is centred around the importance of conservation of water along with other additional concepts related to it. Different forms of water, distribution of water, groundwater, water table and the factors leading to depletion of the water table, are all covered in this chapter. Emphasis is also given on different ways of water management and what can be done at the individual level to conserve water. Information on the effect of water scarcity on plants is also included.
The activities, examples and diagrams associated with the concept, further enrich the chapter. The chapter, Water: A Precious Resource is summarized at the end and the assessment of understanding of the concepts is done by providing a set of exercises consisting of 9 questions.

NCERT Grade 7 Science, Chapter 17, Forests: Our Lifeline lays emphasis on the dynamic living entity called forests. The huge variety of life forms found in forests are covered in the chapter. Crown and canopy of trees in the forest are explained along with the forest products used in everyday life. Discussion on how different life forms like plants, soil and decomposers are interrelated is also mentioned in the chapter, Forest: Our Lifeline. Focus is also given upon the negative effects of deforestation and thus justifies why forests are our lifeline. The chapter is summarized at the end and the assessment of understanding of the concepts is done by providing a set of exercises consisting of 13 questions. The entire chapter, Forests: Our Lifeline is enriched with examples, activities and figures making it more readable.

Science NCERT Grade 7, Chapter 18, Wastewater Story lays emphasis on the importance of clean water and detailed process of treatment of polluted water. The focus is given on concepts like sewage and the eventful procedure involved in the cleaning of water. In addition to this, the emphasis is laid upon a detailed description of the Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Subsequently. the chapter talks about better housekeeping practices, sanitation and disease and alternative arrangement for sewage disposal. A short discussion on sanitation at public places is also included in the chapter, Wastewater Story. The entire chapter is explained in detail with ample of activities, examples and diagrams. Summarisation of all the important points of the chapter, Wastewater Story is cited at the end of the chapter followed by exercises consisting of 12 questions.