Analytical Chemistry: Uses Of Ammonium Hydroxide And Sodium Hydroxide, Studymaterial: ICSE Class 10 CHEMISTRY, Concise Chemistry 10

Analytical Chemistry: Uses of Ammonium Hydroxide and Sodium Hydroxide

Analytical Chemistry

In the qualitative analysis of compounds, their colour helps in their identification. The table given below shows some examples of colourless and coloured ions.

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Colourless		Coloured
Cation	Symbol	Cation	Symbol	Colour
Ammonium	${NH}_{4}^{+}$	Cupric	Cu²⁺	Blue
Sodium	Na⁺	Ferrous	Fe²⁺	Light green
Potassium	K⁺	Ferric	Fe³⁺	Yellowish-brown
Calcium	Ca⁺	Nickel	Ni²⁺	Green
Magnesium	Mg²⁺	Chromium	Cr³⁺	Green
Aluminium	Al³⁺	Manganese	Mn²⁺	Pink
Lead	Pb²⁺
Zinc	Zn²⁺
Anion	Symbol	Anion	Symbol	Colour
Chloride	Cl⁻	Permanganate	${MnO}_{4}^{-}$	Pink or Violet
Sulphate	${SO}_{4}^{2 -}$	Dichromate	${Cr}_{2} O_{7}^{2 -}$	Orange
Carbonate	${CO}_{3}^{2 -}$	Chromate	${CrO}_{4}^{-}$	Yellow
Nitrate	${NO}_{3}^{-}$
Bicarbonate	${HCO}_{3}^{-}$
Sulphide	S²⁻
Bromide	Br⁻

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