Commercial Mathematics

• Percentages are numerators of fractions with denominator 100. It is represented by the symbol % and means hundredths too, i.e., 25% = 0.25
• Fractional numbers, whole numbers and decimals can be converted into percentages by multiplying them by 100%.

Note: Percentages related to proper fractions are less than 100 whereas percentages related to improper fractions are more than 100.

For example,

• To convert ratio to percentage, we proceed as follows:

Consider the ratio a:b.

Sum of parts = a + b

Percantage form =

• Percentages can be converted into fractions or decimals by dividing them by 100.

For example, 35% can be…