Diversity in Living Organisms

• Classification and evolution
  • Primitive organism or lower organism has a simple body structure and ancient body design
  • Advanced organism or higher organism has a complex body structure and organisation
  • Evolution - The process of gradual and continuous change in primitive or simple organisms to give rise to advanced organisms
  • Biodiversity - The variety of life forms present in various ecosystems

• Hierarchy of classification
  • The hierarchical arrangement of various taxonomical categories in descending order is: Kingdom → Phylum (for animals)/ Division (for  plants) → Class → Order → Family → Genus →Species.
  • Mnemonic to learn this hierarchy: Kids Prefer Cheese Over Fried Green Spinach
  • Species is the basic unit of classification 
  • Carolus Linnaeus developed the hierarchy of classification. He also brought out the famous book Systema Naturae
  • Linnaeus also developed the concept of binomial nomenclature
  • Binomial nomenclature refers to the naming of species. In this system, t…