Heredity and Evolution
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Genetics: It is the branch of science that deals with the principles of inheritance and its practices.
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Mendel was the first to carry out the study on the transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring.
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Mendel proposed that heredity is controlled by genes.
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Mendel’s law of inheritance
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Mendel experimented on garden pea plant (Pisum sativum) having many visible contrasting characters.
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He used seven contrasting pairs of characters or traits in garden pea.
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Trait |
Dominant trait |
Recessive trait |
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Seed shape |
Round |
Wrinkled |
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Seed colour |
Yellow |
Green |
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Flower colour |
Violet |
White |
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Pod shape |
Full |
Constricted |
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Flower position |
Axial |
Terminal |
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Stem height |
Tall |
Dwarf |
|
Pod colour |
Green |
Yellow |
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Mendel crossed pea plants having these seven pairs of contra…
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