Electricity and Energy
- Electric potential: The Electric potential of a point in an electric field is defined as the work to be done to move a unit positive charge from infinity to that point.
- Potential difference: The potential difference between two separate points is defined as the work done to move a unit positive charge from one point to another.
- The bulb will glow or the magnetic needle will show deflection if the liquid in the beaker is a good conductor of electricity.
- Greater the deflection of needle or brighter the light, better is the conductivity of the liquid.
Good conductor |
Poor conductor |
Lemon Juice | Coal tar |
Vinegar | Distilled water |
Acid solutions | Honey |
Basic solutions | Vegetable oil |
Salty water | Kerosene |
- Conducting liquids are also called electrolytes.
- The electric current passing through a conducting liquid (electrolyte) causes chemical reactions (electrolysis).
Electric component |
Symbol |
Electric cell |
|
Electric bulb |
|
Battery |
|
Wire |
|
Switch in ON position |
|
Switch in OFF position |
|
Ammeter | ![]() |
Galvanometer | ![]() |
Voltmeter | ![]() |
2. Combination…
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