RD Sharma Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 12 Heron's Formula are provided here with simple step-by-step explanations. These solutions for Heron's Formula are extremely popular among class 9 students for Maths Heron's Formula Solutions come handy for quickly completing your homework and preparing for exams. All questions and answers from the RD Sharma Book of class 9 Maths Chapter 12 are provided here for you for free. You will also love the ad-free experience on Meritnation’s RD Sharma Solutions. All RD Sharma Solutions for class 9 Maths are prepared by experts and are 100% accurate.

Page No 12.19:

Question 10:

Find the perimeter and area of the quadrilateral ABCD in which AB = 17 cm, AD = 9 cm, CD = 12 cm, ∠ACB = 90° and AC = 15 cm.

Answer:

We assume ABCD be the quadrilateral having sides AB, BC, CD, DA and ∠ACB = 90∘.

We take a diagonal AC, where AC divides ABCD into two triangles ΔACB and ΔADC

Since ∆ACB is right angled at C, we have

AC = 15 cm; AB = 17 cm

AB2 = AC2 + BC2

 

Area of right angled triangle ABC, say A1 is given by

, where,

Base = BC = 8 cm; Height = AC = 15 cm

Area of triangle ADC, say A2 having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by

, where

a = AD = 9 cm; b = DC = 12 cm; c = AC = 15 cm 

Area of quadrilateral ABCD, say A

A = Area of ∆ACB + Area of ∆ADC

Perimeter of quadrilateral ABCD, say P

Page No 12.19:

Question 1:

Find the area of a quadrilateral ABCD is which AB = 3 cm, BC = 4 cm, CD = 4 cm, DA = 5 cm and AC = 5 cm.

Answer:

The quadrilateral ABCD having sides AB, BC, CD, DA and diagonal AC=5 cm is given, where AC divides quadrilateralABCD into two triangles ΔABC and ΔADC. We will find the area of the two triangles separately and them to find the area of quadrilateral ABCD.

In triangle ΔABC, observe that,

So the triangle ΔABC is right angled triangle.

Area of right angled triangle ΔABC, is given by

In ΔACD all the sides are known, so just use Heron’s formula to find out Area of triangle ΔACD, 

s=AD+DC+AC2=5+4+52=7 cm

The area of the ΔACD is:

Area of quadrilateral ABCD will be,

Area = Area of triangle ABC + Area of triangle ADC

Page No 12.19:

Question 2:

The sides of a quadrangular field, taken in order are 26 m, 27 m, 7 m are 24 m respectively. The angle contained by the last two sides is a right angle. Find its area.

Answer:

We assume quadrilateral ABCD be the quadrangular field having sides AB, BC, CD, DA and.

We take a diagonal AC, where AC divides quadrilateral ABCD into two triangles ΔABC and ΔADC

We will find the area of two triangles ΔABC and ΔADC separately and add them to find the area of the quadrangular ABCD.

In triangle ΔADC, we have

AD = 24 m; DC = 7 m

We use Pythagoras theorem to find side AC, 

AC2 = AD2 + DC2

 

Area of right angled triangle ΔADC, say A1 is given by

Where, Base = DA = 24 m; Height = DC = 7 m

Area of triangle ΔABC, say A2 having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by

Where, a = AC = 25 m; b = AB = 26 m; c = BC = 27 m 

Area of quadrilateral ABCD, say A

A = Area of triangle ΔADC + Area of triangle ΔABC

Page No 12.19:

Question 3:

The sides of a quadrilateral, taken in order are 5, 12, 14 and 15 metres respectively, and the angle contained by the first two sides is a right angle. Find its area.

Answer:

We assume ABCD be the quadrilateral having sides AB, BC, CD, DA and angle.

We take a diagonal AC, where AC divides quadrilateral ABCD into two triangles ΔABC and ΔADC. We will find the area of these two triangles and add them to find the area of the quadrilateral ABCD

In triangle ΔABC, we have

AB = 5 m; BC = 12 m

We will use Pythagoras theorem to calculate AC 

AC2 = AB2 BC2

 

Area of right angled triangle ΔABC, say A1 is given by

Where, Base = AB = 5 m; Height = BC = 12 m

Area of triangle ΔADC, say Ahaving sides a, bc and s as semi-perimeter is given by

Where, = AC = 13 m; b = DC = 14 m; c = AD = 15 m 

Area of quadrilateral ABCD, say A

A = Area of triangle ΔABC + Area of triangle ΔADC

Page No 12.19:

Question 4:

A park, in the shape of a quadrilateral ABCD, has ∠C = 90°, AB = 9 m, BC = 12 m, CD= 5 m and AD = 8 m. How much area does it occupy?

Answer:

We assume ABCD be the quadrilateral having sides AB, BC, CD, DA and.

We take a diagonal DB, where DB divides ABCD into two triangles ΔBCD and ΔABD

In ΔBCD, we have

DC = 5 m; BC = 12 m

Use Pythagoras theorem 

BD2 = DC2 + BC2

 

Area of right angled triangle ΔBCD, say A1 is given by

Where, Base = DC = 5 m; Height = BC = 12 m

Area of triangle ΔABD, say A2 having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by

Where, a = AD = 8 m; b = AB = 9 m; c = BD = 13 m 

Area of quadrilateral ABCD, say A

A = Area of triangle DCB + Area of triangle ABD

Page No 12.19:

Question 5:

Two parallel side of a trapezium are 60 cm and 77 cm and other sides are 25 cm and 26 cm. Find the area of the trapezium.

Answer:

We assume ABCD be the given trapezium where AB is parallel to DC.

We draw CE parallel to AD from point C.

Therefore, a parallelogram ADCE is formed having AD parallel to CE and DC parallel to AE.

AE = 60 cm; CE = 25 cm; BE = 

Basically we will find the area of the triangle BCE and area of the parallelogram AECD and add them to find the area of the trapezium ABCD.

Area of triangle ECB, say A1 having sides a, bc and s as semi-perimeter is given by

Where, = EB = 17 cm; b = EC = 25 cm; c = BC = 26 cm 

Here we need to find the height of the parallelogram AECD which is CM to calculate area of AECD.

Where, BE = Base = 17 cm ; Height = CM = h



Thus area of parallelogram will be,
A2b×h
=60×24=1440 cm2

Total area of the trapezium will be
A = A+ A2
= 204 + 1440
= 1644 cm2

Page No 12.19:

Question 6:

Two parallel side of a trapezium are 60 cm and 77 cm and other sides are 25 cm and 26 cm. Find the area of the trapezium.

Answer:

Consider a trapezium ABCD as shown below.

Draw a line BF parallel to AD such that ABFD becomes a parallelogram. Also, draw a perpendicular BE on CD as shown in the figure.


In ΔBCF, the three sides are given as a=BF=25 cm, b=BC=26 cm, c=CF=CD-FD=17cm.
The semi-perimeter of ΔBCF = 25+26+172=34.
The area of ΔBCF can be calculated using Heron's formula as
ss-as-bs-c=3434-2534-2634-17=34×9×8×17=204 cm2

Also, the area of ΔBCF = 12×base×height
204=12×17×BE204=12×17×BEBE=24 cm

Therefore, Area of Trapezium =12AB+CD×BE=1260+77×24=1644 cm2.

Page No 12.19:

Question 7:

A rhombus, sheet, whose perimeter is 32 m and whose one diagonal is 10 m long, is painted on both sides at the rate of Rs 5 per m2. Find the cost of painting.

Answer:

We assume ABCD be the given rhombus having 

AB = BC = CD = DA 

BD and AC be the diagonals of rhombus

We need to find cost of painting both sides

Perimeter of rhombus ABCD, say P is 32 m

We know that BD and AC diagonals of rhombus and.So,

(Diagonals in rhombus intersect at right angle)

BD = 24 m; AC = h; side = AB = 8m

Taking square of both sides, we get

Area of rhombus, say A1

Area of both sides of rhombus;

Page No 12.19:

Question 8:

Find the area of a quadrilateral ABCD in which AD = 24 cm, ∠BAD = 90° and BCD forms an equilateral triangle whose each side is equal to 26 cm.

Answer:

We assume ABCD be the quadrilateral having sides AB, BC, CD, DA, diagonal BD and angle where BCD forms an equilateral triangle having equal sides.

We need to find area of ABCD

In triangle BAD, we have

BD2 = BA2 + AD2 .So

Area of right angled triangle ABD, say A1 is given by

Where,

Base = BA = 10 cm; Height = AD = 24 cm

Area of equilateral triangle BCD, say A2 having sides a, b, c is given by

, where

a = BC = CD = BD = 26 cm

Area of quadrilateral ABCD, say A

A = Area of triangle BAD + Area of triangle BCD

Page No 12.19:

Question 9:

Find the area of a quadrilateral ABCD in which AB = 42 cm, BC = 21 cm, CD = 29 cm, DA = 34 cm and diagonal BD = 20 cm.

Answer:

The quadrilateral ABCD having sides AB,BC,CD,DA and diagonal BD is given, where BD divides ABCD into two triangles 

ΔDBC and ΔDAB

In triangle DBC, we can observe that

DC2 = DB2 + BC2

Therefore, it is a right angled triangle. 

Area of right angled triangle DBC, say A1 is given by

Where,

Base = BC = 21 cm; Height = BD = 20 cm

Area of triangle DAB, say A2 having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by

, where

a = DB = 20 cm; b = AD = 34 cm; c = AB = 42 cm

Area of quadrilateral ABCD, say A

A = Area of triangle DBC + Area of triangle DAB

Page No 12.19:

Question 11:

The adjacent sides of a parallelogram ABCD measure 34 cm and 20 cm, and the diagonal AC measures 42 cm. Find the area of the parallelogram.

Answer:

We are given the measure of adjacent sides of a parallelogram AB and BC that is the sides having same point of origin and the diagonal AC which divides parallelogram ABCD into two congruent triangles ABC and ADC.

Area of triangle ABC is equal to Area of triangle ADC as they are congruent triangles.

Area of parallelogram ABCD, say A is given by

A =

The area of a triangle having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by,

, where

 

Therefore the area of a triangle, say A1 having sides 20 cm, 34 cm and 42 cm is given by

a = 20 cm ; b = 34 cm ; c = 42 cm

Area of parallelogram ABCD, say A is given by

Page No 12.19:

Question 12:

Find the area of the blades of the magnetic compass shown in the given figure. (Take 11 = 3.32)

Answer:


The blades of the magnetic compass are forming a rhombus having all equal sides measuring 5 cm each. A diagonal measuring 1 cm is given which is forming the triangular shape of the blades of the magnetic compass and diving the rhombus into two congruent triangles, say triangle ABC and triangle DBC having equal dimensions.

The area of a triangle having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by,

, where

 


Therefore the area of a triangle ABC, say A1 having sides 5 cm, 5 cm and 1 cm is given by:

a = 5 cm ; b = 5 cm ; c = 1 cm


 

 

 

 

Area of blades of magnetic compass, say A is given by

A = Area of one of triangle ABC



Page No 12.20:

Question 13:

A hand fan is made by stitching 10 equal size triangular strips of two different types of paper as shown in Fig. 12.28. The dimensions of equal strips are 25 cm, 25 cm and 14 cm. Find the area of each type of paper needed to make the hand fan.

Answer:

We have to find the area of each type of triangular strips needed for the fan.

There are 5 strips of each type having equal dimensions, so we will calculate the area of a single strip and then multiply it by 5 to ascertain the area of each type of strip needed. 

The area of a triangle having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by,

, where

 

Therefore the area of a triangular strip, say A1 having sides 25 cm, 25 cm and 14 cm is given by: 

a = 25 cm ; b = 25 cm ; c = 14 cm

 

 

 

 

Area of each type of strip needed, say A.

Page No 12.20:

Question 14:

A triangle and a parallelogram have the same base and the same area. If the sides of the triangle are 13 cm, 14 cm and 15 cm and the parallelogram stands on the base 14 cm, find the height of the parallelogram.

Answer:

It is given that the area of triangle and parallelogram are equal.

We will calculate the area of triangle with the given values and it will also give us the area of parallelogram as both are equal.

The area of a triangle having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by,

, where

Therefore the area of a triangle; say A, having sides 15 cm, 13 cm and 14 cm is given by

a = 15 cm ; b = 13 cm ; c = 14 cm

We have to find the height of the parallelogram, say h

Area of parallelogram AECD say A1 is given by

Base = 60 cm; Height = h cm; A =A1 = 84 cm2



Page No 12.23:

Question 1:

Find the area of a triangle whose base and altitude are 5 cm and 4 cm respectively.

Answer:

Given, base = 5 cm; height = 4 cm
Area of the triangle = 12×Base×Height


Page No 12.23:

Question 2:

Find the area of a triangle whose sides are 3 cm, 4 cm and 5 cm respectively.

Answer:

The area of a triangle having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by,

, where


Therefore the area of a triangle, say having sides 3 cm, 4 cm and 5 cm is given by

a = 3 cm ; b = 4 cm ; c = 5 cm


Now, area 
=6(6-3)(6-4)(6-5)=6×3×2×1=36=6 cm2

Page No 12.23:

Question 3:

Find the area of an isosceles triangle having the base x cm and one side y cm.

Answer:

Let us assume triangle ABC be the given isosceles triangle having sides AB = AC and base BC. The area of a triangle ABC, say A having given sides AB and AC equals to cm and given base BC equals to x cm is given by

Where,

Base = BC = x cm; Height = y2-x24

A=12Base×Height=12×xy2-x24=x2y2-x24

Page No 12.23:

Question 4:

Find the area of an equilateral triangle having each side 4 cm.

Answer:

Area of an equilateral triangle having each side a cm is given by 

Area of the given equilateral triangle having each equal side equal to 4 cm is given by

a = 4 cm

Page No 12.23:

Question 5:

Find the area of an equilateral triangle having each side x cm.

Answer:

Area of an equilateral triangle, say A having each side a cm is given by 

Area of the given equilateral triangle having each equal side equal to x cm is given by

a = x cm

Page No 12.23:

Question 6:

The perimeter of a triangullar field is 144 m and the ratio of the sides is 3 : 4 : 5. Find the area of the field.

Answer:

The area of a triangle having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by,

, where,

 

It is given the sides of a triangular field are in the ratio 3:4:5 and perimeter=144 m

Therefore, a: b: c = 3:4:5

We will assume the sides of triangular field as

 

Substituting the value of x in, we get sides of the triangle as

Area of a triangular field, say A having sides a, b , c and s as semi-perimeter is given by

Page No 12.23:

Question 7:

Find the area of an equilateral triangle having altitude h cm.

Answer:

Altitude of a equilateral triangle, having side a is given by

Substituting the given value of altitude h cm, we get


 

Area of a equilateral triangle, say A having each side a cm is given by 

Area of the given equilateral triangle having each equal side equal to is given by; 

Page No 12.23:

Question 8:

Let Δ be the area of a triangle. Find the area of a triangle whose each side is twice the side of the given triangle.

Answer:

We are given assumed value is the area of a given triangle ABC

We assume the sides of the given triangle ABC be a, b, c

The area of a triangle having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by,


Where,

We take the sides of a new triangle as 2a, 2b, 2c that is twice the sides of previous one

Now, the area of a triangle having sides 2a, 2b, and 2c and as semi-perimeter is given by,

, where

Now,

Page No 12.23:

Question 9:

If each side of a triangle is doubled, the find percentage increase in its area.

Answer:

The area of a triangle having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by,

 

Where,

We take the sides of a new triangle as 2a, 2b, 2c that is twice the sides of previous one

Now, the area of a triangle having sides 2a, 2b, and 2c and as semi-perimeter is given by,

Where,

Now,

Therefore, increase in the area of the triangle

Percentage increase in area 



Page No 12.24:

Question 2:

The base of an isosceles right triangle is 30 cm. Its area is

(a) 225 cm2

(b) 225 3 cm2

(c) 225 2 cm2

(d) 450 cm2

Answer:

Let ABC be the right triangle in which B=90°.Now, base=BC; perpendicular=AB; Hypotenuse=ACNow, BC=30 cm givenNow, ABC is an isosceles right angled  and we know that hypotenuse is the longest side of the right .So, AB=BC=30 cmarea of ABC=12×base×height=12×BC×AB=12×30×30=450 cm2


Hence, the correct option is (d).

Page No 12.24:

Question 10:

If each side of a equilateral triangle is tripled then what is the percentage increase in the area of the triangle?

Answer:

Area of an equilateral triangle having each side a cm is given by 

Now, Area of an equilateral triangle, say if each side is tripled is given by

a = 3a

Therefore, increase in area of triangle

Percentage increase in area

Page No 12.24:

Question 1:

Mark the correct alternative in each of the following:

The sides of a triangle are 16 cm, 30 cm, 34 cm. Its area is

(a) 225 cm2

(b) 2253 cm2

(c) 225 2 cm2

(d) 450 cm2

Answer:

The area of a triangle having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by,

, where

 


Therefore the area of a triangle say A, having sides 16 cm, 30 cm and 34 cm is given by

a = 16 cm ; b = 30 cm ; c = 34 cm

 

 

 

 

 

Therefore the area of the triangle is 

Note: No option is correct

Page No 12.24:

Question 3:

The sides of a triangle are 7 cm, 9 cm and 14 cm. Its area is

(a) 125 cm2

(b) 123 cm2

(c) 245 cm2

(d) 63 cm2

Answer:

The area of a triangle having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by,

, where


Therefore the area of a triangle having sides 7 cm, 9 cm and 14 cm is given by

a = 7 cm ; b = 9 cm ; c = 14 cm



Therefore the answer is (a).

Page No 12.24:

Question 4:

The sides of a triangular field are 325 m, 300 m and 125 m. Its area is

(a) 18750 m2

(b) 37500 m2

(c) 97500 m2

(d) 48750 m2

Answer:

The area of a triangle having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by,

, where


 

Therefore the area of a triangular field, say A having sides 325 m, 300 m and 125 m is given by

a = 325 m ; b = 300 m ; c = 125 m



Therefore, the correct answer is (a).

Page No 12.24:

Question 5:

The sides of a triangle are 50 cm, 78 cm and 112 cm. The smallest altitude is

(a) 20 cm

(b) 30 cm

(c) 40 cm

(d) 50 cm

Answer:

The area of a triangle having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by,

, where

Therefore the area of a triangle, say A having sides 50 cm, 78 cm and 112 cm is given by

The area of a triangle, having p as the altitude will be,

Area = 12×base×height

Where, A = 1680

We have to find the smallest altitude, so will substitute the value of the base AC with the length of each side one by one and find the smallest altitude distance i.e. p

Case 1 

Case 2

Case 3

Therefore, the answer is (b).

Page No 12.24:

Question 6:

The sides of a triangle are 11 m, 60 m and 61 m. The altitude to the smallest side is

(a) 11 m

(b) 66 m

(c) 50 m

(d) 60 m

Answer:

The area of a triangle having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by,

, where

We need to find the altitude to the smallest side
 

Therefore the area of a triangle having sides 11 m, 60 m and 61 m is given by

a = 11 m ; b = 60 m ; c = 61 m


 

The area of a triangle having base AC and height p is given by

We have to find the height p corresponding to the smallest side of the triangle. Here smallest side is 11 m 

AC = 11 m

Therefore, the answer is (d).

Page No 12.24:

Question 7:

The sides of a triangle are 11 cm, 15 cm and 16 cm. The altitude to the largest side is

(a) 307 cm

(b) 1572cm

(c) 1574cm

(d) 30 cm

Answer:

The area of a triangle having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by,

, where

We need to find the altitude corresponding to the longest side
 

Therefore the area of a triangle having sides 11 cm, 15 cm and 16 cm is given by

a = 11 m ; b = 15 cm ; c = 16 cm


 

The area of a triangle having base AC and height p is given by

We have to find the height p corresponding to the longest side of the triangle.Here longest side is 16 cm, that is AC=16 cm 

Therefore, the answer is (c).

Page No 12.24:

Question 8:

If the area of an isosceles right triangle is 8 cm2, what is the perimeter of the triangle?

(a) 8 + 2 cm2

(b) 8 + 42 cm2

(c) 4 + 82 cm2

(d) 122 cm2

Answer:

We are given the area of an isosceles right triangle and we have to find its perimeter. 

Two sides of isosceles right triangle are equal and we assume the equal sides to be the base and height of the triangle. We are asked to find the perimeter of the triangle

Let us take the base and height of the triangle be x cm. 

Area of a isosceles right triangle, say A having base x cm and height x cm is given by

A = 8 cm2; Base = Height = x cm

Using Pythagorean Theorem we have;

Let ABC be the given triangle

Perimeter of triangle ABC, say P is given by

AB = 4 cm; BC = 4 cm; AC =

Therefore, the answer is (b). 

Page No 12.24:

Question 9:

The lengths of the sides of Δ ABC are consecutive integers. It Δ ABC has the same perimeter as an equilateral triangle with a side of length 9 cm, what is the length of the shortest side of ΔABC?

(a) 4

(b) 6

(c) 8

(d) 10

Answer:

We are given that triangle ABC has equal perimeter as to the perimeter of an equilateral triangle having side 9 cm. The sides of triangle ABC are consecutive integers. We are asked to find the smallest side of the triangle ABC 

Perimeter of an equilateral triangle, say P having side 9 cm is given by

Let us assume the three sides of triangle ABC be x, x+1, x−1

Perimeter of triangle ABC, say P1 is given by

P1 = AB + BC + AC

AB = x; BC = x +1; AC = x−1. Since P1 = P. So

By using the value of x, we get the sides of triangle as 8 cm, 9 cm and 10 cm

Therefore, the answer is (c).

Page No 12.24:

Question 10:

In the given figure, the ratio AD to DC is 3 to 2. If the area of Δ ABC is 40 cm2, what is the area of Δ BDC?
(a) 16 cm2
(b) 24 cm2
(c) 30 cm2
(d) 36 cm2

Answer:

Area of triangle ABC is given 40 cm2.

Also

We are asked to find the area of the triangle BDC

Let us take BE perpendicular to base AC in triangle ABC.

We assume AC equal to y and BE equal to x in triangle ABC

Area of triangle ABC, say A is given by

We are given the ratio between AD to DC equal to 3:2

So,

In triangle BDC, we take BE as the height of the triangle

Area of triangle BDC, say A1 is given by

Therefore, the answer is (a).



Page No 12.25:

Question 11:

The base and hypotenuse of a right triangle are respectively 5 cm and 13 cm long. Its area is

(a) 25 cm2

(b) 28 cm2

(c) 30 cm2

(d) 40 cm2

Answer:

In right angled triangle ABC having base 5 cm and hypotenuse 13 cm we are asked to find its area

Using Pythagorean Theorem

Where, AB = hypotenuse = 13 cm, AC = Base = 5 cm, BC = Height

Area of a triangle, say A having base 5 cm and altitude 12 cm is given by

Where, Base = 5 cm; Height = 12 cm

Therefore, the answer is (c).

Page No 12.25:

Question 12:

If the length of a median of an equilateral triangle is x cm, then its area is

(a) x2

(b) 32x2

(c) x23

(d) x22

Answer:

We are given the length of median of an equilateral triangle by which we can calculate its side. We are asked to find area of triangle in terms of x

Altitude of an equilateral triangle say L, having equal sides of a cm is given by, where, L = x cm

Area of an equilateral triangle, say A1 having each side a cm is given by 

Since .So

Therefore, the answer is (c).

Page No 12.25:

Question 13:

The length of each side of an equilateral triangle of area 43 cm2, is

(a) 4 cm

(b) 43 cm

(c) 34 cm

(d) 3 cm

Answer:

Area of an equilateral triangle say A, having each side a cm is given by 

We are asked to find the side of the triangle

Therefore, the side of the equilateral triangle says a, having area is given by

Therefore, the correct answer is (a). 

Page No 12.25:

Question 14:

If every side of a triangle is doubled, then increase in the area of the triangle is

(a) 1002%

(b) 200%

(c) 300%

(d) 400%

Answer:

The area of a triangle having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by,

, where

We take the sides of a new triangle as 2a, 2b, 2c that is twice the sides of previous one

Now, the area of a triangle having sides 2a, 2b, and 2c and as semi-perimeter is given by,

Where,

Now,

Therefore, increase in the area of the triangle


Percentage increase in area 

Therefore, the answer is (c).

Page No 12.25:

Question 15:

A square and an equilateral triangle have equal perimeters. If the diagonal of the square is 122 cm, then area of the triangle is

(a) 242 cm2

(b) 243 cm2

(c) 483 cm2

(d) 643 cm2

Answer:

It is given the perimeter of a square ABCD is equal to the perimeter of triangle PQR.

The measure of the diagonal of the square is given .We are asked to find the area of the triangle

In square ABCD, we assume that the adjacent sides of square be a.

Since, it is a square then

By using Pythagorean Theorem

Therefore, side of the square is 12 cm.

Perimeter of the square ABCD say P is given by

Side = 12 cm

Perimeter of the equilateral triangle PQR say P1 is given by

The side of equilateral triangle PQR is equal to 16 cm.

Area of an equilateral triangle say A, having each side a cm is given by 

Area of the given equilateral triangle having each equal side equal to 4 cm is given by

a = 16 cm

Therefore, the answer is (d).



Page No 12.8:

Question 6:

The perimeter of a triangle is 300 m. If its sides are in the ratio 3 : 5 : 7. Find the area of the triangle.

Answer:

Whenever we are given the measurement of all sides of a triangle, we basically look for Heron’s formula to find out the area of the triangle. If we denote area of the triangle by A, then the area of a triangle having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by;


Where,

We are given, and

Here,

Using these data we will find the sides of the triangle. Suppose the sides of the triangle are as follows,

Since, so

Now we know each side that is,

Now we know all the sides. So we can use Heron’s formula.

The area of the triangle is;

A=ss-as-bs-c=150150-60150-100150-140=150905010=10015×9×5=1005×3×3×3×5=100×3×53=15003 m2

Page No 12.8:

Question 1:

Find the area of a triangle whose sides are respectively 150 cm, 120 cm and 200 cm.

Answer:

Whenever we are given the measurement of all sides of a triangle, we basically look for Heron’s formula to find out the area of the triangle.

If we denote area of the triangle by A, then the area of a triangle having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by;


Where,

We are given:

a =150 cm

b=120 cm

c =200 cm

Here we will calculate s,

So the area of the triangle is:

Page No 12.8:

Question 2:

Find the area of a triangle whose sides are 9 cm, 12 cm and 15 cm.

Answer:

Whenever we are given the measurement of all sides of a triangle, we basically look for Heron’s formula to find out the area of the triangle.

If we denote area of the triangle by A, then the area of a triangle having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by;


Where,

We are given:

a = 9 cm, b = 12 cm, c = 15 cm

Here we will calculate s,

So the area of the triangle is:

Page No 12.8:

Question 3:

Find the area of a triangle two sides of which are 18 cm and 10 cm and the perimeter is 42 cm.

Answer:

Whenever we are given the measurement of all sides of a triangle, we basically look for Heron’s formula to find out the area of the triangle.

If we denote area of the triangle by A, then the area of a triangle having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by;


Where,

We are given:

a = 18 cm

b = 10 cm, and perimeter = 42 cm

We know that perimeter = 2s

So 2s = 42

Therefore s = 21 cm

We know that, so

So the area of the triangle is:

Page No 12.8:

Question 4:

In a ΔABC, AB = 15 cm, BC = 13 cm and AC = 14 cm. Find the area of ΔABC and hence its altitude on AC.

Answer:

Whenever we are given the measurement of all sides of a triangle, we basically look for Heron’s formula to find out the area of the triangle.

If we denote area of the triangle by ‘Area’, then the area of a triangle having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by;


Where,
We are given:

AB = 15 cm, BC = 13 cm, AC = 14 cm

Here we will calculate s,

So the area of the triangle is:

Now draw the altitude from point B on AC which intersects it at point D.BD is the required altitude. So if you draw the figure, you will see, 

Here . So,

Page No 12.8:

Question 5:

The perimeter of a triangular field is 540 m and its sides are in the ratio 25 : 17 : 12. Find the area of the triangle.

Answer:

Whenever we are given the measurement of all sides of a triangle, we basically look for Heron’s formula to find out the area of the triangle. If we denote area of the triangle by A, then the area of a triangle having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by;


Where,

We are given, and

Here,

Using these data we will find the sides of the triangle. Suppose the sides of the triangle are as follows,

Since, so

Now we know each side that is,

Now we know all the sides. So we can use Heron’s formula.

The area of the triangle is;

Page No 12.8:

Question 7:

The perimeter of a triangular field is 240 dm. If two of its sides are 78 cm and 50 dm, find the length of the perpendicular on the side of length 50 dm from the opposite vertex.

Answer:

Whenever we are given the measurement of all sides of a triangle, we basically look for Heron’s formula to find out the area of the triangle. If we denote area of the triangle by A, then the area of a triangle having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by;


Where,  

We are given two sides of the triangle and.

That is a = 78 dm, b = 50 dm

We will find third side c and then the area of the triangle using Heron’s formula.

Now,

Use Heron’s formula to find out the area of the triangle. That is 

 

Consider the triangle ΔPQR in which 

PQ=50 dm, PR=78 dm, QR=120 dm

Where RD is the desired perpendicular length

Now from the figure we have

Page No 12.8:

Question 8:

A triangle has sides 35 cm, 54 cm and 61 cm long. Find its area. Also, find the smallest of its altitudes.

Answer:

Whenever we are given the measurement of all sides of a triangle, we basically look for Heron’s formula to find out the area of the triangle.

If we denote area of the triangle by A, then the area of a triangle having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by;


Where,

We are given: a = 35 cm; b = 54 cm; c = 61 cm

The area of the triangle is:

Suppose the triangle is ΔPQR and focus on the triangle given below,

In which PD1, QD2 and RD3 are three altitudes

Where PQ=35 cm, QR=54 cm, PR=61 cm

We will calculate each altitude one by one to find the smallest one.

Case 1 

In case of ΔPQR:

Case 2

Case 3

The smallest altitude is QD2.

The smallest altitude is the one which is drawn on the side of length 61 cm from apposite vertex.

Page No 12.8:

Question 9:

The lengths of the sides of a triangle are in the ratio 3 : 4 : 5 and its perimeter is 144 cm. Find the area of the triangle and the height corresponding to the longest side.

Answer:

Whenever we are given the measurement of all sides of a triangle, we basically look for Heron’s formula to find out the area of the triangle.

If we denote area of the triangle by A, then the area of a triangle having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by;


Where,

We are given, and

Here,

Using these data we will find the sides of the triangle. Suppose the sides of the triangle are as follows,

Since 2s=144, so

Now we know each side that is,

Now we know all the sides. So we can use Heron’s formula.

The area of the triangle is;

We are asked to fin out the height corresponding to the longest side of the given triangle. The longest side is c and supposes the corresponding height is H then,

Page No 12.8:

Question 10:

The perimeter of an isosceles triangle is 42 cm and its base is (3/2) times each of the equal sides. Find the length of each side of the triangle, area of the triangle and the height of the triangle.

Answer:

We are given that and its base is (3/2) times each of the equal sides. We are asked to find out the length of each side, area of the triangle and height of the triangle. In this case ‘height’ is the perpendicular distance drawn on the base from the apposite vertex. 

In the following triangle ΔABC 

BC = a, AC = b, AB = c and AB = AC

Let the length of each of the equal sides be x and a, b and c are the side of the triangle. So,

Since .This implies that,

Therefore all the sides of the triangle are:

All the sides of the triangle are 18 cm, 12 cm, and 12 cm.

Whenever we are given the measurement of all sides of a triangle, we basically look for Heron’s formula to find out the area of the triangle.

If we denote area of the triangle by Area, then the area of a triangle having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by;


Where,

To calculate area of the triangle we need to find s:

The area of the triangle is:

Now we will find out the height, say H. See the figure, in which AD = H

So,

Page No 12.8:

Question 11:

Find the area of the shaded region in the given figure.

Answer:

We are given the following figure with dimensions.

Figure: 

Let the point at which angle is be D.

AC = 52 cm, BC = 48 cm, AD = 12 cm, BD = 16 cm

We are asked to find out the area of the shaded region.

Area of the shaded region=Area of triangle ΔABC−area of triangle ΔABD 

In right angled triangle ABD, we have

Area of the triangle ΔABD is given by

Whenever we are given the measurement of all sides of a triangle, we basically look for Heron’s formula to find out the area of the triangle.

If we denote area of the triangle by Area, then the area of a triangle having sides a, b, c and s as semi-perimeter is given by;


Where,

Here a = 48 cm, b = 52 cm, c = 20 cm and

Therefore the area of a triangle ΔABC is given by,

Now we have all the information to calculate area of shaded region, so

Area of shaded region = Area of ΔABC − Area of ΔABD

The area of the shaded region is 384 cm2.



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