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Page No 124:
Question 1:
A spice dealer bought 12 quintals of pepper at 11,000 rupees a quintal, expecting a price rise. He spent 1,000 rupees for cleaning the pepper. But the prices actually started to fall and so he sold this all at 10,500 rupees a quintal, to avoid heavier losses later. How much is his loss in this deal?
Answer:
Quantity of pepper bought by the spice dealer = 12 quintals
Price of one quintal of pepper = Rs 11000
⇒ Total cost = (Quantity of the pepper bought) × (Price of one quintal of pepper)
= 12 × Rs 11000
= Rs 132000
Amount spent on cleaning the pepper = Rs 1000
Cost price = Rs 132000 + Rs 1000
= Rs 133000
Selling price of one quintal of pepper = Rs 10500
Total selling price = Rs 10500 × 12
= Rs 126000
Loss = Selling price − Cost price
= Rs 133000 − 126000
= Rs 7000
Thus, the dealer incurred a loss of Rs 7000 in the deal.
Page No 126:
Question 1:
Shaji is a wholesale fish vendor, One day he bought 120 kilograms of fish at 70 rupees per kilograms. He spent 600 rupees to transport it to his shop. He found 40 kilograms of it decayed. The rest he sold at 95 rupees a kilogram. Does this result in a profit or loss? What is the percent?
Answer:
Quantity of fish bought by Shaji = 120 kg
Price of one kilogram of fish = Rs 70
Total price = (Quantity of fish bought) × (Price of one kilogram of fish)
= Rs 120 × 70
= Rs 8400
Amount spent on transportation = Rs 600
Cost price = Rs 8400 + Rs 600
= Rs 9000
Quantity of decayed fishes = 40 kg
Quantity of fish left = 120 kg − 40 kg = 80 kg
Selling price of one kilogram of fish = Rs 95
Total selling price = (Selling price of one kilogram of fish) × (Quantity of fish left)
= Rs 95 × 80
= Rs 7600
As Rs 9000 > Rs 7600, i.e. the total cost price is greater than the total selling price, Shaji has incurred loss.
Loss = Cost price − Selling price
= Rs 9000 − Rs 7600
= Rs 1400
Loss percentage = 
Thus, Shaji has suffered a loss of 15.56%.
Page No 127:
Question 1:
Find the selling price of the articles listed in the table below.
|
Item |
Total Cost |
Profit Percent |
|||
|
Soap |
Rs. 16 |
15 |
|||
|
Tea |
Rs 200 |
8 |
|||
|
Rice |
Rs. 22 |
10 |
|||
|
Grain (1 sack) |
Rs. 800 |
9 |
|||
|
Tooth Paste |
Rs. 25 |
12 |
Answer:
i) Total cost of soap = Rs 16
Profit percent = 15
We know that profit = total cost × profit percent
= Rs 16 ×
= Rs
= Rs 2.40
Selling price = Total cost + Profit
= Rs 16 + Rs 2.40
= Rs 18.40
ii) Total cost of tea = Rs 200
Profit percent = 8
We know that profit = total cost × profit percent
= Rs 200 ×
= Rs
= Rs 16
Selling price = Total cost + Profit
= Rs 200 + Rs 16
= Rs 216
iii) Total cost of rice = Rs 22
Profit percent = 10
We know that profit = total cost × profit percent
= Rs 22 ×
= Rs
= Rs 2.20
Selling price = Total cost + Profit
= Rs 22 + Rs 2.20
= Rs 24.20
iv) Total cost of one sack of grain = Rs 800
Profit percent = 9
We know that profit = total cost × profit percent
= Rs 800 ×
= Rs 8 × 9
= Rs 72
Selling price = Total cost + Profit
= Rs 800 + Rs 72
= Rs 872
v) Total cost of toothpaste = Rs 25
Profit percent = 12
We know that profit = total cost × profit percent
= Rs 25 ×
= Rs
= Rs 3
Selling price = Total cost + Profit
= Rs 25 + Rs 3
= Rs 28
Page No 128:
Question 1:
Try to find the selling price of the articles listed in the table below.
|
Item |
Total Cost |
Profit/Loss |
|||
|
Radio |
Rs. 2400 |
10% loss |
|||
|
Television |
Rs. 14500 |
8% loss |
|||
|
Vegetables |
Rs. 8400 |
6% loss |
|||
|
Stationary |
Rs. 6300 |
12% loss |
|||
|
Rice |
Rs. 1800 |
9% loss |
Answer:
i) Total cost of the radio = Rs 2400
Loss percent = 10
∴ Selling price of the radio = (100 − 10)% of the total cost
= 90% of the total cost
= × Rs 2400
= Rs 90 × 24
= Rs 2160
ii) Total cost of the television = Rs 14500
Loss percent = 8
∴ Selling price of the television = (100 − 8)% of the total cost
= 92% of the total cost
= × Rs 14500
= Rs 92 × 145
= Rs 13340
iii) Total cost of the vegetables = Rs 8400
Loss percent = 6
∴ Selling price of the vegetables = (100 − 6)% of the total cost
= 94% of the total cost
= × Rs 8400
= Rs 94 × 84
= Rs 7896
iv) Total cost of the stationery = Rs 6300
Loss percent = 12
∴ Selling price of the stationery = (100 − 12)% of the total cost
= 88% of the total cost
= × Rs 6300
= Rs 88 × 63
= Rs 5544
v) Total cost of the rice = Rs 1800
Loss percent = 9
∴ Selling price of the rice = (100 − 9)% of the total cost
= 91% of the total cost
= × Rs 1800
= Rs 91 × 18
= Rs 1638
Page No 129:
Question 1:
An electric iron was sold for 736 rupees at 8% loss. Find the total cost.
Answer:
Selling price of the electric iron = Rs 736
Loss percent = 8
∴ Selling price = (100 − 8)% of the total cost
= 92% of the total cost of the electric iron
⇒ Total cost of the electric iron =
=
= Rs 800
Page No 129:
Question 2:
Find the total cost of each item in the table below:
|
Item |
Total Cost |
Profit/Loss |
|||
|
Car |
4,56,000 |
14% loss |
|||
|
Plot |
2,78,480 |
18% loss |
|||
|
Alamirah |
4,752 |
12% loss |
|||
|
Table |
3,906 |
7% loss |
Answer:
i) Selling price of the car = Rs 456000
Profit percent = 14
∴ Selling price = (100 + 14)% of the total cost
= 114% of the total
⇒ Total cost =
ii) Selling price of the plot = Rs 278480
Profit percent = 18
∴ Selling price = (100 + 18)% of the total cost
= 118% of the total cost
⇒ Total cost =
iii) Selling price of the alamirah = Rs 4752
Profit percent = 12
∴ Selling price = (100 + 12)% of the total cost
= 112% of the total cost
⇒ Total cost =
iv) Selling price of the table = Rs 3906
Profit percent = 7
∴ Selling price = (100 + 7)% of the total cost
= 107% of the total cost
⇒ Total cost =
Page No 129:
Question 3:
When a torch was sold for 300 rupees there was 25% profit. What was its total cost? Had it been sold for 216 rupees, would there have been a profit or a loss? What percent?
Answer:
Selling price of the torch = Rs 300
Profit percent = 25
∴ Selling price = (100 + 25)% of the total cost
= 125% of the total cost
⇒ Total cost =
If the selling price of the torch is Rs 216, then there would be a loss as the selling price is less than the cost price.
Loss = Cost price − Selling price
= Rs 240 − Rs 216
= Rs 24
Loss percentage =
=
= 10
Page No 129:
Question 4:
A man sold two goats at 900 rupees each. There was 10% profit on the first sale and 10% loss on the second sale. Was there a profit or a loss on the whole transaction? What percent?
Answer:
Selling price of each goat = Rs 900
∴ Total selling price of both the goats = 2 × Rs 900 = Rs 1800
Profit percentage on the first sale = 10
Selling price of the first goat = (100 + 10)% of the total cost of the first goat
= 110% of the total cost of the first goat
⇒ Total cost of the first goat =
Loss percentage on the second sale = 10
Selling price of the second goat = (100 − 10)% of the total cost of the second goat
= 90% of the total cost of the second goat
⇒ Total cost of the second goat =
Total cost of the two goats = Rs (1000 + 818.18)
= Rs 1818.18
As the total selling price is less than the total cost price, so the man suffered loss on the whole transaction.
Total loss = Cost price − Selling price
= Rs 1818.18 − Rs 1800
= Rs 18.18
Loss percent =
Page No 129:
Question 5:
A certain type of fan used to be sold for 1,300 rupees resulting in 15% profit for the dealer. Find the total cost of this fan.
During winter, the dealer decided to reduce the usual price of the fan by 120 rupees. Does he have a profit or loss now? What is the percent?
Answer:
Selling price of the fan = Rs 1300
Profit percentage = 15
Selling price of the fan = (100 + 15)% of the total cost of the fan
= 115% of the total cost of the fan
⇒ Total cost of the fan =
According to the question, the dealer reduces the price of the fan by Rs 120 during winter.
⇒ New selling price of the fan = Rs (1300 − 120) = Rs 1180
As the selling price is greater than the cost price, so the dealer incurres profit.
Profit = Selling price − Cost price
= Rs (1180 − 1130.43)
= Rs 49.57
Profit percent =
Page No 131:
Question 1:
When Thomas bought a cupboard, he was given 8% discount. If the discount amount was 960 rupees, what was the marked price of the cupboard?
Answer:
Discount = 8%
Discount amount = Rs 960
We know: Discount percent × Marked price = Discount amount
⇒ 8% of marked price = Rs 960
⇒ Marked price = Rs
= Rs 12000
Thus, the marked price of the cupboard was Rs 12000.
Page No 132:
Question 1:
A bookshop offers a discount of 20% to purchases for 200 rupees or more. Geetha bought a book from there for 165 rupees. Sreelekshmi bought the same book for the same and another book for 35 rupees. How much did Geetha pay? And Sreelekshmi?
Answer:
Discount offered by bookshop = 20%
Price of the book bought by Geeta = Rs 165
Since the discount was on the purchase of Rs 200 or more, Geeta got no discount.
∴ Money paid by Geeta = Rs 165
Price of the first book bought by Sreelekshmi = Rs 165
Price of the second book bought by Sreelekshmi = Rs 35
Total cost of books = Rs 165 + Rs 35 = Rs 200
We know: Discount percent × Marked price = Discount amount
⇒ Discount amount = 20% of Rs 200
= Rs
= Rs 40
Discounted value = Rs 200 − Rs 40 = Rs 160
Therefore, money paid by Sreelekshmi = Rs 160
Page No 132:
Question 2:
From a bookshop offering a discount of 20% on purchases for 200 rupees or more, Babu and Thomas bought a book each. Each of the books was priced 190 rupees. They wanted it in a single bill, made out to one of them. How much do they have to pay together?
Answer:
Discount offered by bookshop = 20%
Price of the book bought by Babu = Rs 190
Price of the book bought by Thomas = Rs 190
If both the books are included in a single bill, then total cost of the books = Rs 190 + Rs 190
= Rs 380
Since the discount was on the purchase of Rs 200 or more, they will get a discount of 20%.
We know: Discount percent × Marked price = Discount amount
⇒ Discount amount = 20% of Rs 380
= Rs
= Rs 76
Discounted value = Rs 380 − Rs 76 = Rs 304
Thus, they together paid Rs 304 for the books.
Page No 133:
Question 1:
Raju bought some cloth marked 600 rupees from a handloom shop and he got 20% rebate. How much does Raju have to pay?
Answer:
Price of the cloth = Rs 600
Rebate offered = 20%
We know that, Rebate percent × Marked price = Rebate amount
⇒ Rebate amount = 20% of Rs 600
= Rs
= Rs 120
Cost after rebate = Rs 600 − Rs 120 = Rs 480
Therefore, Raju paid Rs 480 for the cloth.
Page No 133:
Question 2:
Malathi went to a Khadi cloth store with 1,000 rupees in hand. Hearing that there would be a rebate 20% during the next week, she didn’t buy anythink. Next week she bought Khadi garments for 1,000 rupees. How much would she have paid for the same garments, had she bought them last week?
Answer:
Price of the khadi garments bought by Malathi = Rs 1000
Rebate offered = 20%
Let the marked price of the khadi garment be Rs x.
Now, Marked price − Rebate amount = Price
⇒ x − 20% of x = 1000
As there was no discount in the previous week, Malathi would have paid Rs 1250 for the same khadi garments.
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