1-What are the main forms of power sharing practiced in our country?
2-What do you mean by horizontal distribution of power?why is it called the
system of checks and balances?
3-Explain vertical form of power sharing?
Dear Student,
Answer to your question is as follows :
1-What are the main forms of power sharing practiced in our country?
- Power Sharing in Different Organs of Government: Power is shared among different organs of government, such as the legislature, executive and judiciary.
- Power Sharing at Different Levels: It refers to a general government for the entire country and governments at the provincial or regional level. Such a general government for the entire country is usually called federal government. State Governments and Central Government have their distinct areas to exercise power. This is called federal division of power.
- Power Sharing Among Social Groups: Social groups, such as the religious and linguistic groups. Indian constitution has provision for reservation of different communities like minorities, OBCs, SC & ST and women. This is done to ensure their adequate representation in the Government machinery.
- Power Sharing Among Various Pressure Groups: Power sharing arrangements can also be seen in the way political parties, pressure groups and movements control or influence those in power. In a democracy, we find interest groups such as those of traders, businessmen, industrialists, farmers and industrial workers. They also will have a share in governmental power, either through participation in governmental committees or bringing influence on the decision making process.
2-What do you mean by horizontal distribution of power?why is it called the system of checks and balances?
Horizontal distribution of power allows different organs of government placed at the same level to exercise different powers. Such a separation ensures that none of the organs can exercise unlimited power. Each organ checks the others. This results in a balance of power among various institutions. For example, ministers and government officials exercise power, they are responsible to the Parliament or State Assemblies. Similarly, judges can check the functioning of executive or laws made by the legislatures. This arrangement is called a system of checks and balances.
3-Explain vertical form of power sharing?
Power shared among governments at provincial or regional level is called as vertical form of power sharing. Such a general government for the entire country is usually called federal government. In India, we refer to it as the Central or Union Government. The governments at the provincial or regional level are called by different names in different countries. In India, we call them State Governments. State Governments and Central Government have their distinct areas to exercise power.
Regards