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  1.  iron(fe) +oxygen (O2)+water(H20) =

The process of rusting can be represented by the following equation: 
Iron (Fe) + Oxygen (O2, from the air) + water (H2O) → rust (iron oxide Fe2O3) 
For rusting, the presence of both oxygen and water (or water vapour) is essential. In fact, if the content of moisture in air is high, which means if it is more humid, rusting becomes faster. 

So, how do we prevent rusting? Prevent iron articles from coming in contact with oxygen, or water, or both. 

(i) One simple way is to apply a coat of paint or grease. In fact, these coats should be applied regularly to prevent rusting. 
(ii) Another way is to deposit a layer of a metal like chromium or zinc on iron. 
This process of depositing a layer of zinc on iron is called galvanisation. The iron pipes we use in our homes to carry water are galvanised to prevent rusting. 

I have seen one answer in YAHOO ANSWER THAT TURMERIC INDICATOR CHANGES BASIC SOLUTION TO BLUE. Which is totally wrong. I request everybody, if you know the CORRECT CONCEPT VERY CLEARLY, THEN ONLY ANSWER NOT FOR NAME SAKE ONLY. 
 THANKS.......

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RUST 

Rust is a general term for a series of iron oxides. Colloquially, the term is applied to red oxides, formed by the reaction of iron and oxygen in the presence of water or air moisture. Yet, there are also other forms of rust, such as the result of the reaction of iron and chlorine in an environment deprived of oxygen, such as rebar used in underwater concrete pillars, which generates green rust. Several forms of rust are distinguishable visually and by spectroscopy, and form under different circumstances.[1] Rust consists of hydrated iron(III) oxides Fe2O3·nH2O and iron(III) oxide-hydroxide (FeO(OH), Fe(OH)3). Given sufficient time, oxygen, and water, any iron mass will eventually convert entirely to rust and disintegrate. Surface rust provides no protection to the underlying iron unlike the formation of patina on copper surfaces.

Rusting is the common term for corrosion of iron and its alloys, such as steel. Many other metals undergo equivalent corrosion, but the resulting oxides are not commonly called rust.

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2 easy, rust

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The substance comes from fe+O2+H2O=rust

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it forms rust

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Rust is the product form.
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Rust
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2Fe+3O2+H2O=2Fe2O3.xH2O
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Fe half reaction: 3 H2O + Fe -----> Fe(OH)3 + 3e- + 3 H+    
                           O2 half reaction 4e- + 2 H2O + O2 -------> 4 OH- 
                            12 = LCM: iron half reaction x 4: O2 half reaction x 3         
                            12 H2O + 4 Fe + 6 H2O + 3 O2 -----> 4 Fe(OH)3 + (12 H+ + 12 OH-) 12 H2O 
                               cancel like terms 
4 Fe + 6 H2O + 3 O2 -----> 4 Fe(OH)3
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Fe half reaction: 3 H2O + Fe -----> Fe(OH)3 + 3e- + 3 H+    
                           O2 half reaction 4e- + 2 H2O + O2 -------> 4 OH- 
                            12 = LCM: iron half reaction x 4: O2 half reaction x 3         
                            12 H2O + 4 Fe + 6 H2O + 3 O2 -----> 4 Fe(OH)3 + (12 H+ + 12 OH-) 12 H2O 
                               cancel like terms 
4 Fe + 6 H2O + 3 O2 -----> 4 Fe(OH)3
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Fe half reaction: 3 H2O + Fe -----> Fe(OH)3 + 3e- + 3 H+    
                           O2 half reaction 4e- + 2 H2O + O2 -------> 4 OH- 
                            12 = LCM: iron half reaction x 4: O2 half reaction x 3         
                            12 H2O + 4 Fe + 6 H2O + 3 O2 -----> 4 Fe(OH)3 + (12 H+ + 12 OH-) 12 H2O 
                               cancel like terms 
4 Fe + 6 H2O + 3 O2 -----> 4 Fe(OH)3
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Fe half reaction: 3 H2O + Fe -----> Fe(OH)3 + 3e- + 3 H+    
                           O2 half reaction 4e- + 2 H2O + O2 -------> 4 OH- 
                            12 = LCM: iron half reaction x 4: O2 half reaction x 3         
                            12 H2O + 4 Fe + 6 H2O + 3 O2 -----> 4 Fe(OH)3 + (12 H+ + 12 OH-) 12 H2O 
                               cancel like terms 
4 Fe + 6 H2O + 3 O2 -----> 4 Fe(OH)3
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