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what are the limitations of RUTHERFORD'S model of atom?

The limitations are:

It could not explain the stability of atoms. If rutherford 's suggestions are true then the electrons should continuously radiate energy and finally fall into the nucleus leading to an unstable atom. It does not explain the distribution of electrons around the nucleus and does not tell us anything about their energies.

Moreover, observed spectra of different elements could not be explained by this model.

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The major limitation of Rutherford’s model of atom is: the radiating energy of revolving electron continuously decreases the energy of the electron which will eventually make the electron to fall into the nucleus. So, the model couldn’t explain the stability of an atom. Also, the observed spectra of different elements couldn’t be explained by this model.

 

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The limitations are-

  • The comparison of electrons to planets in the solar system is the main drawback of Rutherford's atomic model. According to the claasical laws of mechani9cs and electrodynamics, if anh electrically charged particle is in motion, it evitably radiates energy. Thus, an electron, when moving around the nucleus continuously should radiate energy, i.e, loss energy. As a result, it should be gradually pulled towards the nucleus and end up colliding with it. This would result in total collapse of the atom. If it was so the atom would be highly unstable and hence matter would not exist in the form that we know. However, we know that the atom is structurally stable.
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THE LIMINATION OF RUTHERFORD MODLE OF ATOM ARE AS FALLOWS...

  1. THE MODLE DOES NOT EXPLAIN THE STABILITY OF AN ATOM.
  2. IF A CHARGE PARTICLE IS UNDERGOING ACCELERATION, IT MUST LOOSE ENERGY CONTINOUSLY.
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rutherford's model was compared with thesolar systemin whichplanetsrevolve around the sun in fixed circular paths.....but there is an important difference between the two .firstly whereas the electron and the nuclei are the microscopic particles,sun and planets were big bodies and hence newtonian law of motion do not apply to the motion of microscopic particles..(there is a separate branch called quantum mechanics formicroscopic particles)secondly sun and planets do not carry any charge like electrons and nucleiaccording to Maxwell's electromagnetic theory whenever a charged particle like electron is revolving in a field of force like that of nucleus it losses energy continuously in the form of radiations...becausa spiral path and ultimately the electron will fall into the nucleus (calculations show that it will take 10^(-8) second to spiral into nucleus)...in other words atom should collapse...however this does not happen and the atom is quite stable thus rutherford model could not explain the stability of atom..........e when a particle is revolving it undergoes acceleration due to change in direction even if the speed remains constant..thus the orbit of the revolving electron will keep on becoming smaller and smaller following

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