what is the difference between breakdown voltage and knee voltage

Breakdown voltage and knee voltage are use for different terms.
Breakdown voltage is the term used for reverse biasing and knee voltage is the term used for forward biasing. Breakdown voltage is the voltage at which the sudden breakdown of the diode takes place. This is because of the breaking of bonds in the semi-conductor between the atoms which releases electrons in large amount hence increasing the current passing through the diode. On too much application of voltage the diodes stops functioning. This is because too much voltage generates large amount of the heat in the diode thus causing it to rupture.

Knee voltage is the voltage after which the forward bias current in the diode increases. Upto this there is no appreciable increase in the forward bias current. This is because below knee voltage the magnitude of voltage isn't sufficient enough to make the majority charge carrier move,hence there is very little growth in forward bias current.Once we cross the knee voltage there is a steep growth in the current.
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  1. Break down voltage- it is the height of the barrier of an junction means voltage across the depletionregion due to pnor npjunction or across one barrier to another barrier.

Barrier- it is let to be a contact b/w N type and +veimmobile charge of depletion layer.
or " " " " " " " " P " " -ve " " . " " "

Knee voltage - it is a forward voltage from the battery beyond which the current starts increasing rapidly or simultaneously with voltage so that it show a linear graph for potential VS current.
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