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Whay is electrolysis? explain with some diagrams

The reaction that takes place during the process can be shown as:-

2H 2 O → 2H 2 +O 2

At cathode:- Reduction

2 H + (aq) +2e - → H 2

At anode:- Oxidation

OH - (aq) → OH + e -

4 OH → 2H 2 O + O 2

Electrolysis is the process of separating a compound into its constituent elements by passing electricity through it when in molten or aqueous state. 

The word electrolysis means splitting or breaking chemical substances with the help of electric current. For example, when electricity is passed through water containing a few drops of sulphuric acid, it breaks down to give its constituent elements as products i.e. hydrogen (H 2) and oxygen (O2). 

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  • Chemical decomposition produced by passing an electric current through a liquid or solution containing ions.
  • The removal of hair roots or small skin blemishes by the application of heat using an electric current.

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Electrolysis is the method of chemical decomposition produced by passing an electric current through a liquid or solution containing ions.It is an electro-chemical process in which current is passed between two electrodes through an ionized solution (electrolyte) to deposit positive ions (anions) on the negative electrode (cathode) and negative ions (cations) on the positive electrode (anode). The entire system is called electrolytic cell which is used in several industries such as electroplating, refining bauxite into aluminum, producing chlorine and caustic soda from table salt (sodium chloride), and in analytical techniques such as polarography. 

Hydrogen Electrolysis
 
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 Electrolysis is the process by which ionic substances are broken down into simpler substances using electricity. During electrolysis, metals and gases may form at the electrodes.

What happens in electrolysis. Positively charged ions move to the negatively charged electrode; negatively charged ions move to the positive electrode

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 For electrolysis to work, the ions must be free to move. Ions are free to move when an ionic substance is dissolved in water or when melted. For example, if electricity is passed through molten lead bromide, the lead bromide is broken down to form lead and bromine.

Here is what happens during electrolysis:

  • Positively charged ions move to the negative electrode during electrolysis. They receive electrons and are reduced.
  • Negatively charged ions move to the positive electrode during electrolysis. They lose electrons and are oxidised.

The substance that is broken down is called the electrolyte.

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Thanx.

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