1.  A food chain in a terrestrial ecosystem is given below.
Grass Grasshopper Frog Snake Eagle
The energy available at level of grass is 596 units.  Calculate the energy available for grasshopper, frog, snake and eagle.  Also, find the total energy dissipated.

first, you should understand the fact that it is based on 10% (energy) Rule. 
that is only 10% energy is available  for an organism in the next level of ecosystem.
grass(596) 
grasshopper(59.6)
   frog(5.96)
  snake(0.596)
   eagle(0.0596)

now you can calculate the energy dissipated.
 

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10%of grass energy will be transferred to grasshopper i.e 59.6 units. Now for frog 5.96 unit of energy is available .for snake 0.59 units and for eagle 0.05 units
 
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first, you should understand the fact that it is based on 10% (energy) Rule. 
that is only 10% energy is available  for an organism in the next level of ecosystem.
grass(596) 
grasshopper(59.6)
   frog(5.96)
  snake(0.596)
   eagle(0.0596)

now you can calculate the energy dissipated.
 
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