^{1. What are the four main ideals enshrined in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution?}

 Five major ideals enshrined in the Preamble to the Indian constitution. include

(1)  Sovereign :The Preamble states that India is a sovereign state. It implies the end of rule of a colony over India. It clarifies   the fact that India is no longer under the  possession or control of the  British Crown. India is an  independent state both internally and externally and is free  to take her own decisions and implement them for the welfare of the nation.

2. In 1976, the  word ‘Socialism’ was included through Amendment in the Preamble. feature  It signifies that India ensures  to secure social, economic and political justice for all its people. It acts on abolishing  all forms of exploitation as well as stands for securing equitable distribution of income, resources and wealth. 

(3) Secular :

By the 42 nd Amendment, the term ‘Secular’ was incorporated in the Preamble. It implies that India does not possess any official religion nor does it  gives special status to any religion. There is no such thing as a state religion of India. India guarantees equal freedom to all religions. All religious communities are free to practise their own religion.

(4)  Democratic :

The Preamble declares India to be a Democratic State. The Constitution of India provides for a democratic system where people are free to elect their own government. The authority of the government rests upon the sovereignty of the people. The people has the right to vote and  freely participate in the democratic process.

(5)  Republic:

The Preamble declares India to be a Republic. The Head of the state is elected not hereditary like the King or monarch. He  wields power for a fixed term. The President of India is the elected sovereign head of the state. He holds a tenure of 5 years.