22 and 23

22 and 23 O O 3 5 8 0 3

Dear student, 

Ans 23)
The principles of management that are being described are:

• Discipline: According to the principle of discipline every organisation must follow the various rules and regulations. Both the management as well as the workers must honour their commitments.
• Unity of direction: According to this principle every unit in an organisation must work towards the common goals of the organisation. This is reflected by a clear systematic working in the form of two separate departments. 
• Unity of command: The objective must be to avoid dual subordination in work by ensuring that each employee is answerable to only one boss.
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ii) Effect of  violation:

• Discipline: Violation of the principle would lead to conflict between the management and the workers. 
• Unity of direction: Violation of the principle leads to overlapping of work. 
• Unity of command: Violation of the principle leads to dual subordination