Explain 2 uses of Herbarium and Monograph.

Herbarium:

discover or confirm the identity of a plant or determine that it is new to science (taxonomy);
document the concepts of the specialists who have studied the specimens in the past (taxonomy);
provide material for making morphological measurements (taxonomy, systematics)

Monograph:

In biological taxonomy a monograph is a comprehensive treatment of a taxon. Monographs typically revise all known species within a group, add any newly discovered species, and collect and synthesize available information on the ecological associations, geographic distributions, and morphological variations within the group. See this reference as an example.

The first-ever monograph of a plant taxon was Robert Morison's 1672 Plantarum Umbelliferarum Distributio Nova, a treatment of the Apiaceae.

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USES OF HERBARIUM:

Herbarium collections can have great significance and value to science, and have a large number of uses. Herbaria are essential for the study of plant taxonomy, the study of geographic distributions, and the stabilising of nomenclature.

Specimens housed in herbaria may be used to catalogue or identify the flora of an area. A large collection from a single area is used in writing a field guide or manual to aid in the identification of plants that grow there. With more specimens available, the author of the guide will better understand the variability of form in the plants and the natural distribution over which the plants grow.

Herbaria also preserve a historical record of change in vegetation over time. In some cases, plants become extinct in one area or may become extinct altogether. In such cases, specimens preserved in an herbarium can represent the only record of the plant's original distribution. Environmental scientists make use of such data to track changes in climate and human impact.

Herbaria have also proven very useful as sources of plant DNA for use in taxonomy and molecular systematics

Many kinds of scientists and naturalists use herbaria to preserve voucher specimens; representative samples of plants used in a particular study to demonstrate precisely the source of their data, or to enable confirmation of identification at a future date.

They may also be a repository of viable seeds for rare species

MONOGRAPH:

In biological taxonomy a monograph is a comprehensive treatment of a taxon.

Monographs typically revise all known species within a group, add any newly discovered species, and collect and synthesize available information on the ecological associations, geographic distributions, and morphological variations within the group.