Explain the structure of an eukaryotic chromosome
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Please find below the answer:
The chromosome of eukaryotic organisms consists of linear double stranded DNA and histone proteins along with non-histone proteins. DNA along with histone proteins are condensed to form chromosomes. Histone components include H1, H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 histones.
The structure of chromosomes is as follows:
1) Pellicle: The outermost protein-rich sheath or covering of a chromosome is called a pellicle.
2) Matrix: The liquid non-genetic ground material of chromosome. It has a large amount of minerals, water, and proteins.
3) Chromonema: A highly coiled thread throughout the length of the chromosome. The singular form is called chromonemata which are made up of long threads of DNA attached with histone proteins.
4) Centromere: The two half chromosomes or chromatids are joined by a centromere. It has protein discs attached to it called kinetochores.
5) Chromatids: The two cylindrical structures of chromosomes are called chromatids.
6) Telomere: Chromosomes have polarity and the polar ends of the chromosomes are called telomeres.
Hope this information clears your doubt.
Regards.
Please find below the answer:
The chromosome of eukaryotic organisms consists of linear double stranded DNA and histone proteins along with non-histone proteins. DNA along with histone proteins are condensed to form chromosomes. Histone components include H1, H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 histones.
The structure of chromosomes is as follows:
1) Pellicle: The outermost protein-rich sheath or covering of a chromosome is called a pellicle.
2) Matrix: The liquid non-genetic ground material of chromosome. It has a large amount of minerals, water, and proteins.
3) Chromonema: A highly coiled thread throughout the length of the chromosome. The singular form is called chromonemata which are made up of long threads of DNA attached with histone proteins.
4) Centromere: The two half chromosomes or chromatids are joined by a centromere. It has protein discs attached to it called kinetochores.
5) Chromatids: The two cylindrical structures of chromosomes are called chromatids.
6) Telomere: Chromosomes have polarity and the polar ends of the chromosomes are called telomeres.
Hope this information clears your doubt.
Regards.