Explainthe difference between the Indian Constitution and western ideas inthe light of
a.Understanding of secularism
b.Articles 370 and 371
c.Affirmative action
d.Universal adult franchise
a.Indian secularism is based on principled distance whereas that ofwestern secularism is based on mutual exclusion. In India, everyreligion is treated equally so that every citizen can be treatedequally and can enjoy a life of dignity. In the west, religion cannotinterfere in matters of State and the State cannot interfere inmatters of religion.
b.The articles 370 and 371 give special rights to the state of Jammuand Kashmir and the north-eastern states respectively according totheir peculiar social and historical background. This type ofprovision of accommodation is not found in western countries.
c.Affirmative action in India is based on principle of social justicewithout compromising on individual liberties. In India affirmativeaction was introduced two decades before it was introduced in U.S.
d.Every Indian citizen whose age is 18 years or above, is eligible tovote whereas in established democratic countries right to vote wasextended to women and working class in the 20th centuryafter a long struggle.