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give the ways by which microbIal agents can commonly move from an infected person to someone else for the following diseases:
  • cholera
  • Pneunomia 
  • common cold
  • malaria
  • fungal infection

Dear Student,
 

1. Cholera is transmitted by a bacterium called Vibrio cholerae. Cholera occurs in the small intenstine. It is transmitted by contaminated food and water. It is also spread through the fecal of humans.

2. Pneumonia spreads through air-borne droplets from a cough or sneeze. It may also spread by direct contact with an infected person, or by contaminated objects. It is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (bacteria)  

3. Common cold is a communicable viral infection which spreads through aerosols, physical contact, touching contaminated surfaces, etc.   It is caused by a family of viruses known as Rhinovirus

4. Malaria is spread by the bite of the female Anopheles mosquito. When this mosquito bites an infected individual, the germs causing malaria enter the body of the mosquito, and when it bites another healthy individual, the germs enter the individual from the mosquito.

5. Fungal infections are mainly caused due to the spores which they produce. Ringworm is a fungal skin disease that affects scalp, finger and feet. This fungal disease is caused by direct skin to skin contact




Hope this information will clear your doubts about the topic.

If you have any more doubts just ask here on the forum and our experts will try to help you out as soon as possible.

Regards
 

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CHOLERA:The cholera bacterium is usually found in water or food sources that have been contaminated by feces (poop) from a person infected with cholera. Cholera is most likely to be found and spread in places with inadequate water treatment, poor sanitation, and inadequate hygiene.
PNEUMONIA:The viruses and bacteria that are commonly found in a child's nose or throat, caninfect the lungs if they are inhaled. They may also spread via air-borne droplets from a cough or sneeze. In addition, pneumonia may spread through blood, especially during and shortly after birth.
COMMON COLD:The common cold is spread either by direct contact with infected secretions from contaminated surfaces or by inhaling the airborne virus after individuals sneeze or cough. Person-to-person transmission often occurs when an individual who has a coldblows or touches their nose and then touches someone or something else.
MALARIA:Only Anopheles mosquitoes can transmit malariaand they must have been infected through a previous blood meal taken from an infected person. When a mosquito bites an infected person, a small amount of blood is taken in which contains microscopic malaria parasites.
FUNGAL INFECTION:Fungi reproduce by spreading microscopic spores. These spores are often present in the air and soil, where they can be inhaled or come into contact with the surfaces of the body, primarily the skin. Consequently, fungal infections usually begin in the lungs or on the skin.
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