how did industrialization change the lives of the people in europe?

Industrialization led to great changes in people's lives in Europe.

1. It changed the nature of occupation for people. Earlier, most people worked in farms whereas with industrialization, people started working in industries and offices.
2. It led to greater urbanization. Earlier, most people lived in rural areas. But with industrialisation, people started moving to towns and cities in search of jobs.
3. Industrialization led to greater prosperity in Europe. While initially, the working class did not benefit much from industrialization, gradually the fruits of industrialization began to reach every body. European countries became prosperous and citizens of these countries began sharing that prosperity.
4. Industrialization made the European countries powerful. They conquered various parts of the world and established colonies. Many Europeans migrated to these colonies to begin their lives there.
5. Industrialization led to greater levels of literacy and education for Europeans. Education became necessary to work in the new factories and offices.

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The Industrial Revolution is called a revolution because it changed society both significantly and rapidly. Four areas of society that changed due to industrialization that are not often discussed are changes in technology, urbanization and changes in the social structure and working class life.

Technology consisted of inventions that changed the way production occurred. These inventions improved the way goods were produced. Machines such as the cotton gin, water frame, power loom, and spinning jenny allowed textile products to be produced in mass quantities. There was a great demand for cotton and the request for it surpassed the amount that could be produced until spinning machines were invented to keep up with the demand. In 1733 John Kay patented his flying shuttle, which doubled the output of weavers. In 1765, Hargreaves invented the spinning jenny, which could spin numerous spools of cotton at the same time. Hargreaves invention outdid the flying shuttle. In 1771 Richard Arkwright invented the water frame, which could spin several hundred spools of cotton at a time by using water. Then in 1779 Samuel Crompton combined the jenny and the water frame in a machine known as ''Crompton's mule,'' which produced quantities of fine, strong yarn. Edmuind Cartwright developed a power loom in 1787 which wove cotton. Prior to the power loom, cotton weaving still occurred domestically although cotton spinning was done in factories. In 1894 Northrup produced an automatic loom. Easier and faster ways of spinning and weaving cotton of course led to the production of textile products increasing. Perhaps the most well known cotton related invention was Eli Whitney�s cotton gin, invented in 1793. This machine removed seeds from raw cotton quickly and cheaply. The steam engine provided the mechanical power needed in Europe since water and man-power was no longer sufficient. Thomas Newcomen built the first modern steam engine in 1712. In 1763 James watt began to improve on Newcomen's engine. Steam engines were used to power machines meaning less coal and energy was required to power machines. The steam engine was used in cotton factories, rolling mills and pottery works. Around 1831 Michael Faraday demonstrated how electricity could be mechanically produced. Through the nineteenth century the use of electric power was limited due to the small productive capacity, short transmission lines, and high cost. Up to 1900 the only cheap electricity produced was by generators that used falling water in the mountains of southeastern France and northern Italy. As early as 1890 Florence had the world's first electric streetcar. Industrialization of Europe was facilitated by the railroads. A network of railways had been built due to cheap available iron and better machine tools. By the middle of the 19th century, railroad trains could travel at about thirty to fifty miles an hour. Steam was used to power locomotives, which made transportation revolutionarily fast. British success with steam locomotion encouraged the building of railroads in most European countries. By the 1840's the North Atlantic was crossed regularly by steamship. This method was much faster than by way of wind-powered ships. Railroads and steamships lowered the cost of transportation and created transportation networks. The telegraph was invented by Samuel Morse in 1837 and allowed for fast instant communication between distant places. There were innovation in steel and iron during the industrial revolution. The Darbys in England came up with new ways of producing iron. They made it stronger and more pure. Iron became the most widely used metal in construction and machinery by the 1780�s. The Bessemer process allowed large amounts of steel to be produced. Steel eventually replaced iron for use in building and industry because it was cheaper to produce. The cheaper cost of steel also allowed for more railroads to be laid down all across Europe. The increased production and cheap cost of iron aided in decreasing the sanitary problems that existed in the cities.