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Make a table of the different type of infectious agents and give examples of 2-3 diseases they cause.

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Infectious Disease

Causative Agent

Type

African sleeping sickness (African trypanosomiasis)

 

Trypanosoma brucei

Protozoa

AIDS (Acquired immune deficiency syndrome), Chickenpox

HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus), Varicella zoster virus

Virus

Anthrax, Cholera

Bacillus anthracis, Vibrio cholerae

Bacteria

Ascariasis

Ascaris lumbricoides

Worm

Aspergillosis

Aspergillus genus

Fungi

Common cold (Acute viral rhinopharyngitis; Acute coryza)

Usually rhinoviruses and coronaviruses.

Virus

Dengue fever

Dengue viruses (DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3 and DEN-4) – Flaviviruses

Virus

Filariasis

Filarioidea super family

Worm

Hepatitis A

Hepatitis A Virus

Virus

Kala azar

 

Protozoa

Malaria

Plasmodium genus

Protozoa

Measles

Measles virus

Virus

Poliomyelitis

Poliovirus

Virus

Ringworm

 

Fungi

Taeniasis

Taenia genus

Worm

Tetanus (Lockjaw)

Clostridium tetani

Bacteria

Tuberculosis

usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Bacteria

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Type of infectious agentNumber of cellsVisibilityExamples

 

Helminths

many

Visible with the naked eye

Ascaris worm causes ascariasis

Its length reaches 15–30 cm

An ascari worm.

Protozoa

1

Visible with a standard microscope

Plasmodium falciparum causes malaria
Plasmodium falciparum.

Bacteria

1Visible only with a special microscope; much smaller in size than protozoaVibrio choleraecauses cholera
Bacteria.

Viruses

0Visible only with a special microscope; much smaller in size than bacteriaHIV causes AIDS
Virus.

Helminths are worms made up of many cells; for example, Ascaris lumbricoides.

Protozoa are micro-organisms made up of one cell; for example, Plasmodium falciparum.

Bacteria are also micro-organisms made up of one cell, but they are much smaller than protozoa and have a different structure; for example Vibrio cholerae, which causes cholera.

Viruses are infectious agents that do not have the structure of a cell. They are more like tiny boxes or particles and are much smaller than bacteria; for example, HIV (the Human Immunodeficiency Virus), which can lead to AIDS.

Though not as common as causes of communicable disease in humans, other types of infectious agents include fungi (e.g. ringworm is caused by a fungus infection), and mites (similar to insects), which cause scabies.

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