Pls answer these qns
1. Different hormones secreted by pituitary gland along with their functions are as follows:
|
Pituitary Hormone |
Functions |
|
GH (Gonadotrophin hormone) |
Proper growth and development |
|
Prolactin |
Growth of mammary glands and formation of milk in them |
|
TSH |
Synthesis and release of thyroid hormones |
|
Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) |
Stimulates synthesis and secretion of steroid hormones called glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex |
|
LH (Luteinising hormone) |
In males − Stimulates synthesis and secretion of androgens from the testis In females − Induces ovulation and maintenance of the corpus luteum |
|
FSH (Follicle-stimulating hormone) |
In males − Along with androgens, regulate spermatogenesis In females − Stimulates growth and development of ovarian follicles |
|
MSH (Melanocyte- stimulating hormone) |
Acts on melanocytes and regulates pigmentation of the skin |
|
Oxytocin |
Helps in the contraction of the smooth muscles of the uterus during childbirth, and milk ejection from mammary glands |
|
Vasopressin |
Stimulates re-absorption of water from the distal tubules, and hence, prevents loss of water through urine (diuresis); therefore, called anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) |
2.
|
Endocrine gland |
Hormones |
|
Testis |
Testosterone |
|
Ovary |
Oestrogen |
|
Thyroid |
Thyroxin |
|
Adrenal |
Adrenalin |
|
Pancreas |
Insulin |
|
Pituitary |
Growth hormone |
3. Functions-
A. Thyroxine is the main hormone produced by the thyroid gland, that increase metabolic rate and thus regulates growth and development of the body.
B. Insulin is produced by beta cells of the pancreas, and is central to regulating carbohydrate and fat metabolism in the body. Insulin causes cells in the liver, skeletal muscles and fat tissue to absorb glucose from the blood. In the liver and skeletal muscles, glucose is stored as glycogen, and in fat cells (adipocytes) it is stored as triglycerides.
C. Testosterone is the key male sex hormone that regulates fertility, muscle mass, fat distribution, and red blood cell production.
The hormone also promotes the development of sexual male characteristics during puberty such as voice deepening and the growth of armpit, chest and pubic hair. Testosterone plays an important role in maintaining sex drive, sperm production, muscle strength and bone mass.