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Q1. What is meant by ecological succession ? How does it occur ? Explain..

Q2.Differentiate between primary and secondary succession ?

  1. Gradual and fairly predictable change in the species composition of a given area is called ecological succession.  Ecological succession is a community controlled phenomenon, in which the structure and composition of communities change in an orderly and sequential manner, leading ultimately to the establishment of a climax community. There is a gradual and fairly predictable change occurs in the species composition of a given area. Some species colonise an area and their populations become more. In the successive seral stages, there is a change in the diversity of species, increase in the number of species and organisms and also in the total biomass.

     2. Primary succession: 

  • The ecological succession takes place in a place where no life existed before.
  • Comparatively slow as suitable soil has to be formed.

        Secondary Succession:

  • The ecological succession takes place in a region where life existed in the past and got wiped out completely.
  • Comparatively faster as soil is already present.

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The composition & structure of community changes as the environmental conditions changes.This change is sequential,in a definite order & laed finally to be a climax community which is in near equilibrium with the environment.This gradual and predictable change in the species composition of a given area is called ecological succession.

the primary succession starts in the area where no living organism ever existed,such as bare rocks,newly formed pond or newly cooled lava etc. Where as secondary succession starts in the area which has lost all the living organism once existed  eg. an abandoned crop field, burned or cut forest , land affected by floods etc. Primary succession is very slow while secondary succession is comparatively faster

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