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Q.9. Which pigment is found in phaeophyceae and Rodophyceae other than chlorophyll? Give an account of stored food in these classes.

Phaeophyceae (Brown algae)

• Primarily marine forms

• Show great variation in size and form

• Range from simple-branched, filamentous forms (Ectocarpus) to profusely branched forms such as kelps (may reach a height of 100 m)

• Possess chlorophyll a, c, carotenoids, and xanthophylls

• Vary in color from olive green to various shades of brown (depending on amount of xanthophyll and fucoxanthin)

• Food stored as complex carbohydrates such as laminarin or mannitol

• Vegetative cells have cellulosic wall covered on the outside by gelatinous coating of algin.

• Union of gametes takes place in water or within oogonium (oogamous species).

• Gametes are pyriform (pear-shaped).
  Example − Ectocarpus, Dictyota, Laminaria, Sargassum, and Fucus 

Rhodophyceae (Red algae) 
 

• Commonly called red algae due to the presence of red pigment, r-phycoerythrin

• Mainly marine forms with bulk mass inhabiting warmer areas

• Occur in well-lighted regions i.e., close to the surface of water and also in deeper areas

• Red thalli of most of these species are multicellular. Some have complex body organization.

• Food is stored as Floridian starch similar to amylopectin and glycogen in structure.
  
  Example − Polysiphonia, Gelidium, Gracilaria, Porphyra

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