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The action of HCN followed by hydrolysis and reduction of 1. Acetaldehyde 2. Acetone 3. Benzaldehyde 4. Acetophenone

Dear Student,

As all acetaldehyde, acetone, benzaldehyde, acetophenone belongs to aldehyde and ketone, so they undergo nucleophilic addition reaction on the action of HCN. 
In the case Acetaldehyde: 
(i) CH3CHO →HCNCH3CH(OH)-CN(ii) CH3CH(OH)-CN→H2O/hydrolysis CH3CH(OH)COOH(iii) CH3CH(OH)-CN→ReductionCH3CH(OH)CH2NH2

In the case of acetone:
(i) (CH3)2CO →HCN(CH3)2C(OH)-CN(ii) (CH3)2C(OH)-CN→H2O/hydrolysis (CH3)2C(OH)COOH(iii)(CH3)2C(OH)-CN→Reduction(CH3)2C(OH)CH2NH2

In the case of benzaldehyde: 
(i) PhCHO →HCNPhCH(OH)-CN(ii) PhCH(OH)-CN→H2O/hydrolysis PhCH(OH)COOH(iii) PhCH(OH)-CN→ReductionPhCH(OH)CH2NH2

In the case of acetophenone: 
(i) Ph(CH3)CO →HCNPh(CH3)C(OH)-CN(ii) Ph(CH3)C(OH)-CN→H2O/hydrolysis Ph(CH3)C(OH)COOH(iii)Ph(CH3)C(OH)-CN→ReductionPh(CH3)C(OH)CH2NH2

Regards.

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View Full Answer
1.by reducti
=on and hydrolysis of Acetaldehyde ( CH3-CHO) you will get ethyl alcohol(CH3-CH2-OH) which on treating with hcn will give propylcyanide (CH3-CH2-CN)
​2.for acetone (CH3-C(O)-CH3) on reduction and hydrolysis you get ispropyl alcohol(CH3-CH(OH)-CH3) which on treating with hcn gives 2-cyano-propane (CH3-CH(CN)-CH3)
similarly you can do for benzaldehyde (C6H5(CHO)) and acetophenone (C6H5-C(O)-CH3)

 
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