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  Weather is a complex phenomenon. It can change considerably within days. In fact, on some days, the mornings are sunny, while it starts raining by afternoon. Thus, it is very difficult to predict weather.

THEN HOW THE SCIENTISTS ARE ABLE TO PREDICT THAT TODAY THE WEATHER WILL BE CLOUDY / SUNNY / HEAVY RAINS ARE EXPECTED / CYCLONE MAY COME

THEY ARE ALSO ABLE TO PREDICT THAT AFTER HOW MUCH TIME THE THINGS MAY CHANGE. HOW ?

BY WHICH MACHINE / MECHANISM, THEY PREDICT ?

PLEASE ANSWER MY QUESTION

They do this estimation with Doppolar Radar, many different gauges like barometers to measure the different properties of the wind currents to include temp, speed, and wether or not the wind is carring precipitation of any sort. 
They track hot and cold air masses, air pressure, and jet streams. From that information, they predict where that air mass is likely to be.
using advanced instruments and the satellite up in space to see the patterns of rain clouds
by the way, sometimes they are incorrect
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hi,

the weather is predicted using many instruments like rain gauge, wind vane, barometer. they also predict weather by land breeze and sea breeze.

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sattelites also help in predicting weather

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but by what satellites are able to do so?
I think, may be by studying the wind patterns.

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Ans. The weather is a complex phenomenon as it can vary over very short periods of time. It can happen sometimes that it is sunny in the morning, but suddenly clouds appear from nowhere and it starts raining heavily. Or, a heavy rain may vanish in a matter of minutes and give way to bright sunshine. Since weather is such a complex phenomenon, it is not easy to predict.
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