What are causes of variation and question 14

Dear student,
So basically genetic variation is caused by :
1. change in genetic material which implies the DNA at the time of DNA replication.
2. genetic mutations
3. environmental factors such as light, temperature, nutrition, wind, and water supply, etc
With respect to the example given you can explain how variation occurred in the formation of fit sized rats. secondly coming to natural selection which implies that survival of fittest, evolution finally happened leading to the born of a new fit species of rats. 
Hope it helps,
Regards.

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