what is a clause
Clauses are units of grammar that contain at least one predicate (verb) and a subject. A clause, therefore, contains a single verb group. A clause is different than a phrase. A clause is a group of words with a verb and a subject.
Instances of the same can be seen in italics in the following sentences:
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He has a chain which is made of gold.
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The train had left by the time they reached.
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I belong to a family which has fifteen members.
Types of clauses:
Adverb Clause:
https://www.meritnation.com/ask-answer/question/what-are-adverb-clauses-please-explain/adverbs/4293073
Adjective Clause:
https://www.meritnation.com/ask-answer/question/what-is-adjective-phrase-and-clause/english/6770854Relative Clause:
https://www.meritnation.com/ask-answer/question/what-is-relative-clause-please-help/sentence-clause-phrase/6185482