what is clause and phrases?
A phrase is a small group of words that adds meaning to a word. A phrase is not a sentence because it is not a complete idea with a subject and a predicate and thus, doesn't make sense completely.
For instance in the following lines, the words in italics form phrases:
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Tell me what to do.
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The elephant leaned against the wall.
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The clouds float in the sky.
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It is a mistake that you have made.
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He has a game of robots.
Clauses are units of grammar that contain at least one predicate (verb) and a subject. A clause, therefore, contains a single verb group. A clause is different than a phrase. A clause is a group of words with a verb and a subject.
Instances of the same can be seen in italics in the following sentences:
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He has a chain which is made of gold.
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The train had left by the time they reached.
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I belong to a family which has fifteen members.