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what is DNA ? What are its functions?

DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA consists of long chain of nucleotide units. Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base, a deoxyribose sugar and a phosphate group. It is a genetic material that containing the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms.

Function of DNA:

  • DNA is the genetic material that can influence the phenotype of all living organisms. It carries the genetic instructions of an organism’s birth, development, reproduction and even death.
  • DNA helps to inherit by transferring genetic information to daughter cells from parent cells while cell division.
  • DNA contains the code for protein synthesis.
  • DNA replicates to help in reproduction, growth and development.

 

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 Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a very important molecule found in all living cells. It contains information used in everyday metabolism and growth and influences most of our characteristics.

DNA is often described as the blueprint of an organism. It enables various cells to develop and work together to form a fully functional body, and controls characteristics such as eye colour. How much DNA influences very complex features, such as intelligence, is not yet fully understood.

The information that DNA contains is passed from one generation to the next. There is much debate over how much of what we are like is due to inheritance and defined by our DNA, and how much is defined by the influence of the environment. This is sometimes referred to as the 'nature/nurture ' debate.

Using gene technology, DNA can be modified or transferred from one organism to another. Genes are made up of short lengths of DNA and modern gene technology is able to make changes at the level of individual genes.

Hope it helps! :)

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