What is spectrum ? How is a rainbow formed?

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A rainbow is a meteorological phenomenon that is caused by reflection, refraction and dispersion of light in water droplets resulting in a spectrum of light appearing in the sky. It takes the form of a multicoloured circular arc. Rainbows caused by sunlight always appear in the section of sky directly opposite the sun
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Hi!

Here is the answer:
  • When a beam of white light is passed through a prism, it gets split into a band of seven colors. This band of seven colours is known as spectrum.​ It comprises of violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange and red commonly known as VIBGYOR.
  • A rainbow is formed when white light is dispersed naturally. The rain drops act as dispersers while the white Sunlight fall on them. We see the spectrum (dispersed band of seven colours) as a streak of rainbow across the sky. 
​​Hope it helps!

Cheers!
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