The rulers of the three Tamil kingdoms, Cera, Chola and Pandva.
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Sangam poems mention muvendar. This is a Tamil word meaning three chiefs, used for the head of three ruling families, the Cholas, Cheras, and Pandyas who became powerful in south India around 2300 years ago.
Each of the three Chiefs had two centres of power : one inland, and one on the coast. Of these six cities , two were very important : Puhar or Kaveripattinam, the port of the Cholas, and Madurai, the capital of the Pandyas. The chiefs did not collect regular taxes. Instead they demanded and received gifts from people
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