what ls seed germination? briefly describe hypogeal and epigeal germination

Dear Student,

Germination is the process that leads to the growth phase from the resting phase. This process results in the emergence of a seedling from the seed. The seed needs some special conditions like water, temperature, light, oxygen to germinate.

1.  Epigeal germination: In this case, the cotyledons are lifted above the ground, and they act as the first leaves as a result of the rapid elongation of the hypocotyl. It takes place in seeds such as castor, cotton, sunflower, etc.

2.  Hypogeal germination: In this case, the cotyledons remain inside the soil and the epicotyl elongates and pushes the plumule above. It takes place in seeds such as pea, maize, mango, etc.

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