why bangladeshwas known as east pakistan

The following points may help you:

a. At the time of partition of the country in 1947, Punjab and Bengal were the two provinces that were divided.
b. ​ These were Muslim majority provinces which were affected by the partition. It was decided that both regions were to be bifurcated on the basis of their religious majority. 
c. Thus, West and East Pakistan were created.
d. However, Pakistan faced biggest internal crisis, with East Paksitan resisting and protesting against the domination of West Pakistan and waged a struggle for freedom and independence which eventually resulted in the creation of Bangladesh in 1971.

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