why is antartica the place to go to, to understand the earth's present, past and future ?

The question has already been answered. Kindly go to the NCERT solutions  for this chapter: Q4. under the "Reading with insight" section.

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 To visit Antartica is to be a part of earth's past history we come to know that about 650 million years ago there was a giant super continent in the south It was called gondwana India and Antartica were the parts of the same landmass gondwana things were quite different then Humans hadn't yet arrived into the earth the climate of Antartica was much warmer It had a huge variety of flaura and fauna Dinosaurs became extinct today.

The sudy of antartica also helps us to understand the earths present and the future as well About 90% of the earths total ice volumes are stored in Antartica There are no trees buildings and human settlements in antartica We loose all earthly sense of perspective and time Antrtica also provides a warning for the future Due to global warming it results in constant melting of icebergs it will bring disastrous results The further depletion of the ozone layer will affect the sea animals vegetations and humans very adversely

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