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why the size of gallium is less than aluminium?

Ga is less than Al because outermost valence shell electronic configuration of both is ns2 np1 but in case of Al it is 3s23p1 and for Ga it is 4s24p1. Now as before Ga 10 electrons are filled in d-orbital which has poor shielding effect. So effective nuclear charge increases and valence shell faces more attraction and hence smaller in size than Al. 

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On moving down the group 13 from Al to Ga, the ionization enthalpy decreases as expected due to an increase in atomic size and screening effect which outweigh the effect of increased nuclear charge. Due to ineffective shielding of the valence electrons by 3d-orbitals, the effective nuclear charge on Ga is slightly more than on Al. As a result, (delta)H of Ga is slightly higher thn that of Al.

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thanx

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