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write a short note on simple epithelial tissue.

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Epithelial tissue lines the surface of a body and forms a protective covering. Epithelium cells are packed tightly together with little intercellular matrix. 

Simple epithelium:
It consists of a single layer of cells where cells are in direct contact with the basement membrane. It is further sub-divided into the following types:

(i) Simple squamous epithelium: It consists of a single layer of flat cells with irregular boundaries. It is found in the walls of the blood vessels and in the lining of alveoli.

(ii) Simple cuboidal epithelium: It consists of a single layer of cube-like cells. It is present in regions where secretion and absorption of substances takes place such as the proximal convoluted tubule region of the nephron.

(iii) Simple columnar epithelium: It consists of a single layer of tall, slender cells with their nuclei present at the base of the cells. They may bear micro-villi on the free surfaces. Columnar epithelium forms the lining of the stomach and intestines, and is involved in the function of secretion and absorption.

(iv) Ciliated epithelium: It consists of columnar or cuboidal cells with cilia on their free surfaces. They are present in bronchioles and oviducts from where they direct mucus and eggs in specific directions.

(v) Glandular epithelium: It consists of columnar or cuboidal cells involved in the secretion of substances. Glands are of two types, unicellular glands (goblet cells of the alimentary canal) and multicellular glands (salivary glands). They can be classified as exocrine (ductless glands) and endocrine glands (duct glands) by the method through which they release enzymes.

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1. Simple epithelium: It consists of a single layer of cells where cells are in direct contact with the basement membrane. It is further sub-divided into the following types:
• Simple squamous epithelium: It consists of a single layer of flat cells with irregular boundaries. It is found in the walls of the blood vessels and in the lining of alveoli.
• Simple cuboidal epithelium: It consists of a single layer of cube-like cells. It is present in regions where secretion and absorption of substances takes place such as the proximal convoluted tubule region of the nephron.
• Simple columnar epithelium: It consists of a single layer of tall, slender cells with their nuclei present at the base of the cells. They may bear micro-villi on the free surfaces. Columnar epithelium forms the lining of the stomach and intestines, and is involved in the function of secretion andabsorption.
• Ciliated epithelium: It consists of columnar or cuboidal cells with cilia on their free surfaces. They are present in bronchioles and oviducts from where they direct mucus and eggs in specific directions.
• Glandular epithelium:It consists of columnar or cuboidal cells involved in the secretion of substances. Glands are of two types, unicellular glands (goblet cells of the alimentary canal) and multicellular glands (salivary glands). They can be classified as exocrine (ductless glands) and endocrine glands (duct glands) by the method through which they release enzymes.   

 

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Epithelial tissue, the type of tissue that lines the surfaces and cavities of your body's organs, is no different. Epithelial tissue is like the brand name Lego: Lego has differently sized and shaped blocks, and epithelial tissue has differently sized and shaped cells. Lego blocks can be arranged into differently shaped structures, and epithelial cells can be arranged into differently shaped structures as well.

Regardless of the shape, size, or arrangement of the cells, they are still a type of, or part of, epithelial tissue, just like all our differently sized, shaped, and arranged plastic bricks are still Legos.
Columnar, Cuboidal, Squamous Cell Shape
Epithelial tissue has differently shaped bricks - or cells, that is. There are columnar cells, which means 'column-like cells'; cuboidal cells, which are cube-like cells; and squamous cells, which are flattened and scale-like cells. Basically, columnar cells are much higher than they are wide, cuboidal cells look like squares, and squamous cells are flat like turtles and therefore not very tall at all.

Simple and Stratified Cell Arrangements
If we arrange any cell shape in a single layer, we would call it simple epithelial tissue. Again, simple epithelial tissue is a single cell layer of epithelial tissue. However, if we begin to stack our shapes one on top of another, regardless of whether it's two layers or more, this would be called stratified epithelial tissue, which is an epithelial tissue that is more than one cell layer thick.
 

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