Write briefly about chromosomes in 5-7 points
Chromosomes are the genetic material present in all the cells. They are present in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell. They are a thread-like structure.
Each chromosome of a eukaryotic cell contains DNA and associated proteins, known as histone proteins. They are responsible for the hereditary of traits and passed from parents to offspring from one generation to another. DNA codes for specific proteins and are responsible for variations in a species and among various organisms. Scientists have given this name chromosomes as they are stained using specific dyes, chroma means colour and soma means body.
Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes. This unique structure of chromosome keeps DNA tightly packed with histone proteins to fit inside the cell and it also helps in giving more stability to it. For instance, the unwound DNA of a single cell will measure 6 feet, with this, one can understand the need for packaging inside the nucleus of each cell.